(段安節)] citing Du Zhi of Jin dynasty. Original text: 樂錄雲，琵琶本出於弦鼗。而杜摯以為秦之末世，苦於長城之役。百姓弦鼗而鼓之 Translation: According to Yuelu, pipa originated from xiantao. Du...

張纘; 499–549), and had issue (two sons, two daughters) Princess Changcheng (長城公主), personal name Yuling (玉姈) Married Liu Yan of Hedong (河東 柳偃; d. 550), and...