Aql bi al-Fi'l (عقل بالفعل) is a kind of intellect in Islamic philosophy. This level deals with readiness of the soul for acquiring the forms without receiving...

from Aql bi al-Quwwah (potential intellect) into Aql bi al-Fi'l (actual intellect). Thereby men can be free from the darkness of ignorance. Finally aql transforms...

Aql bi al-Quwwah (Arabic: عقل بالقوة) is the first stage of the intellect's hierarchy in Islamic philosophy. This kind of reason is also called the potential...

Memoirs of a Mission: The Ismaili Scholar, Statesman and Poet, al-Mu'ayyad fi'l-Din al-Shirazi. Ismaili Heritage Series 9, London: I. B. Tauris in association...

Jarjarai, vizier (d. 1045) Badr al-Jamali, vizier (d. 1094) Mu'ayyad fi'l-Din al-Shirazi, chief missionary (dā‘i al-dū‘at) from 1059 to 1078 Moulai Abadullah...

Edwards, D. S., ed. (2010). The Chronicle of ibn al-Athir for the Crusading Period from al-Kamil fi'l-Ta'rikh. Part 1, 1097–1146. Gibb, N. A. R., ed. (1932)...

obedience is not only an obligation for people through the intellect (bi-muǧarrad al-ʿaql), but also through it for making it a duty through the oral transmission...

Hafizi Isma'ilism. Al-Hafiz first rose to power as regent after the death of his cousin, al-Amir bi-Ahkam Allah, in October 1130. Al-Amir had only left...

those who wished to study there. House of Wisdom Al-Mu'ayyad fi'l-Din al-Shirazi Library of Alexandria Al-Azhar University Madrasa Nalanda mahavihara Takṣaśilā...

in 1018 by the Fatimid caliph al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah (r. 996–1021). Little information is known about the early life of al-Darazi. He was also known as...

Manṣūr Ismāʿīl ibn al-Ḥāfiẓ (Arabic: أبو منصور إسماعيل بن الحافظ, February 1133 – April 1154), better known by his regnal name al-Ẓāfir bi-Aʿdāʾ Allāh (الظافر...

light of 'Aql, which in Arabic roughly translates as 'Intellect' or to 'bind' (Latin: Intellectus). It is through this Universal Intellect ('aql al-kull)...

al-Zaman al-Hamadhani (Arabic: مقامات بديع الزمان الهمذاني), are an Arabic collection of stories from the 9th century, written by Badi' al-Zaman al-Hamadani...

roughly between 540 and 620 AD. Traditional Arabic literature called it al-shiʿr al-Jāhilī, "poetry from the Jahiliyyah". Surviving works largely originate...

Abu Abdallah al-Husayn ibn Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Zakariyya, better known as Abu Abdallah al-Shi'i (Arabic: ابو عبد الله الشيعي, romanized: Abū ʿAbd Allāh...

1070) Al-Mu'ayyad fi'l-Din al-Shirazi (d. 1078) Al-Sayyida al-Mu'iziyya (also known as Durzan) After Al-Mustansir Billah, his sons Nizar and Al-Musta'li...

Zakariyya al-Ansari (d. 926/1520), entitled Fath al-Ilah al-Majid bi-Idhah Sharh al-'Aqa'id [ar]. Ramadan Efendi (d. 979/1571). 'Isam al-Din al-Isfarayini...

attributed to the 10th-century Arabic writer Abū al-Farāj al-Isfahānī (also known as al-Isbahānī). Abū al-Farāj claimed to have taken 50 years in writing...

Nawāḍir ʾal-ʾAyk fī Maʿrifat al-Nayk (Arabic: نواضر الأيك في معرفة النيك, "The Thicket's Blooms of Gracefulness on the Art of the Fleshly Embrace") is...

ibn al-Qalānisi,  Luzac & Company, London, 1932 Richards, D. S., Editor, The Chronicle of Ibn al-Athir for the Crusading Period from al-Kamil fi’l-Ta’rikh...

('aql) as the fourth source of law in deducing legal norms before Quran and hadith. But the real Usuli doctrinal movement began by al-Muhaqqiq al-Hilli...

compiler of the poems may have been Hammad al-Rawiya (8th century). The grammarian Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Nahhas (d. 949 CE) says in his commentary on...

Islamic architecture which developed in the western Islamic world, including al-Andalus (on the Iberian peninsula) and what is now Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia...

Garden of Sensual Delight (Arabic: الروض العاطر في نزهة الخاطر Al-rawḍ al-ʿāṭir fī nuzhaẗ al-ḫāṭir), also known as the Arabic Kama Sutra, is a fifteenth-century...

Ali ibn al-Husayn al-Sajjad (Arabic: علي بن الحسين السجاد, romanized: ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn al-Sajjād, c. 658 – 712), also known as Zayn al-Abidin (Arabic:...

Isma'ilism in Cairo during the reign of the Fatimid caliph al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah. According to Hamza, al-Hakim was God made manifest. Despite opposition from...

"speculative reasoning (al-nazar) which leads to knowledge of God, because he is not known by the way of necessity (daruratan) nor by the senses (bi l-mushahada)...

Mahmud al-Wasiti (Arabic: يحيى بن محمود الواسطي) was a 13th-century Iraqi-Arab painter and calligrapher, noted for being the scribe and illustrator of al-Hariri's...

are: Rahat al-‘aql (Peace of Mind, or Comfort of Reason), completed in 1020 and considered his magnum opus Al-Aqwal al-dhahabiya, refuting al-Razi's argument...

are evident in al-Naysaburi's own works. Like his contemporary, Hamid al-Din al-Kirmani, and the later al-Mu'ayyad fi'l-Din al-Shirazi, al-Naysaburi left...