During the 12th century, the civilization of the Byzantine Empire experienced a period of intense change and development. This has led some historians...

Byzantine civilisation to flourish. This allowed the Western provinces to achieve an economic revival that continued until the close of the century....

tells of the sudden reawakening of European civilisation in the 12th century. He traces it from its first manifestations in Cluny Abbey to the Basilica...

use the ancient Greek ethnonym Héllēn (Greek: Ἕλλην) in order to describe Byzantine civilisation. After the fall of Constantinople to the Crusaders in 1204...

established in the mid-7th century in the aftermath of the Slavic migrations to Southeastern Europe and Muslim conquests of parts of Byzantine territory...

Mango (ed.). Byzantine Trade, 4th–12th Centuries. Retrieved 10 September 2016. Yule, Henry (1915), Henri Cordier (ed.), Cathay and the Way Thither: Being...

Byzacena Byzantine civilisation in the 12th century Byzantine commonwealth Byzantine emperors, Family tree of the Byzantine Empire Byzantine Empire, History...

from the Vikings, who transported European captives via the route from the Varangians to the Greeks to the Byzantine ports at the Black Sea. In the late...

with rare exceptions, Byzantine literature was created by men and reflects their views. Until the 12th century, in the Byzantine Empire there was no erotic...

throughout the history of the Byzantine Empire. After the decline of the Greek-speaking Hellenistic Judaism in ancient times, the use of the Greek language...

of the Indus Valley Civilisation lists the technological and civilisational achievements of the Indus Valley Civilisation, an ancient civilisation which...

(sclaviniae) under Byzantine sovereignty. In the 10th–12th centuries, archontes are also mentioned as the governors of specific cities. The area of an archon's...

in southwestern Iran (3rd century CE). It also appeared in Late Roman or Byzantine architecture, as well as in Roman Spain. In Byzantine Syria, the form...

791. The 2nd Council of Nicaea depicted in a Bulgarian miniature of the 12th century Manasses Chronicle. Byzantine Empire portal List of Byzantine emperors...

Under the Byzantine Empire, Naxos was part of the thema of the Aegean Sea, which was established in the mid-9th century. In Byzantine times, the island's...

to 12th centuries) Pala Empire (8th to 12th centuries) Chola Empire (9th century to 13th centuries) Western Chalukya Empire (10th to 12th centuries) Kalachuri...

Western Roman Empire. In the 7th century, North Africa and the Middle East—once part of the Byzantine Empire—came under the rule of the Umayyad Caliphate...

following centuries, to which the Byzantines ultimately succumbed in 1453. In 1187, the Ayyubid Sultanate under Saladin conquered most of the Crusader...

10th and 12th centuries,[better source needed] following the periods of Byzantine Iconoclasm. During the Sack of Constantinople in 1204, the Latin Crusaders...

was replaced as the primary siege weapon in the 12th and 13th centuries by the counterweight trebuchet. A common misconception about the mangonel is that...

The term Norman–Arab–Byzantine culture, Norman–Sicilian culture or, less inclusively, Norman–Arab culture, (sometimes referred to as the "Arab-Norman civilization")...

and many more key aspects in western civilisation. By 200 BCE, Rome had conquered Italy and over the following two centuries it conquered Greece, Hispania...

Serbian Rulers (XII-XV Century): Relating to the Territory of Kosovo and Metohia. Athens: Center for Studies of Byzantine Civilisation. Živojinović, M. (1998)...

legacy survived the demise of the empire (5th century AD in the West, and 15th century AD in the East) and went on to shape other civilisations, a process...

with Byzantine Egypt. In 651 an Arab army invaded, but it was repulsed and a treaty known as the Baqt was signed to prevent further Arab invasions in exchange...

history for centuries. Crusading declined rapidly after the 15th century. In 1095, after a Byzantine request for aid, Pope Urban II proclaimed the first expedition...

Duczko 2004, p. 1, The state of the Eastern Slavs—Russia, or Rhosia according to the Byzantines of mid-tenth century—was called in the medieval Norse literature...

the complete collapse of the Indus Valley Civilisation. This event is followed by the beginning of the Iron Age. We define the Iron Age as ending in 510...

outlying areas, in particular Greece, were left vulnerable to attack. With the decline of the Byzantine fleet in the latter 12th century, the Empire increasingly...

Byzantine theme (a military-civilian province) in western Asia Minor (modern Turkey). Created either in the mid-7th or the early 8th century as the settlement...