A carbocation is an ion with a positively charged carbon atom. Among the simplest examples are the methenium CH+ 3, methanium CH+ 5, acylium ions RCO+...

isolated. Cations, often carbocations, serve as intermediates in various types of reactions to synthesize new compounds. Carbocations are formed in two major...

accurately described using steady-state kinetics. The reaction involves a carbocation intermediate and is commonly seen in reactions of secondary or tertiary...

density with the central carbocation to stabilize it. Additionally, the surrounding sp3 hybridized carbons can stabilize the carbocation through hyperconjugation...

with water in an additional reaction to form an alcohol that involves carbocation formation. The hydroxyl group (OH) bonds to the carbon that has the greater...

phenyl carbocation > hydride > tertiary carbocation (if formed by migration) > secondary carbocation (if formed by migration) > methyl carbocation. {Why...

at McMaster University, and has been used by George Olah to stabilise carbocations and hypercoordinated carbonium ions in liquid media. Magic acid and other...

A pyramidal carbocation is a type of carbocation with a specific configuration. This ion exists as a third class, besides the classical and non-classical...

alkylating agents (ones for which carbocation rearrangement is degenerate), or alkylating agents that yield stabilized carbocations (e.g., benzylic or allylic...

stabilize the charge on the carbocation through resonance and distribution of charge. In this case, tertiary carbocation will react faster than a secondary...

open to this oxocarbenium intermediate are: in blue: capture of the carbocation by water or any suitable nucleophile through 5 to the 1,3-adduct 6. in...

of carbocations, which is a general term for diamagnetic carbon-based cations. In parallel with carbenium ions is another subset of carbocations, the...

In organic chemistry, a rearrangement reaction is a broad class of organic reactions where the carbon skeleton of a molecule is rearranged to give a structural...

tert-butanol is a tertiary alcohol, the relative stability of the tert-butyl carbocation in the step 2 allows the SN1 mechanism to be followed, whereas a primary...

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a particular vinyl polymer Vinyl cation, a type of carbocation Vinyl group, a broad class of organic molecules in chemistry Vinyl polymer...

a cation that has a pentacoordinated carbon atom. They are a type of carbocation. In older literature, the name "carbonium ion" was used for what is today...

stabilizing carbocation formation, the fragmentation becomes a viable reaction pathway. The reaction generates a nitrile and a carbocation, which is quickly...

involved, whether a reactive intermediate involved in the reaction is a carbocation, a carbanion or a free radical, and whether the substrate is aliphatic...

often initialised by the formation of a reactive intermediate such as: a carbocation by heterolysis in a nucleophilic rearrangement or anionotropic rearrangement...

27, 374-379 [8] 2-Norbornyl cation Neighbouring group participation Carbocation Steric effects Solvation Scholz, F.; Himmel, D.; Heinemann, F. W.; Schleyer...

(proton) attacks the double bond forming a carbocation, which then reacts with the nucleophile (bromine). The carbocation can be formed on either side of the...

2019-07-25. Naidu, Veluru Ramesh; Ni, Shengjun; Franzén, Johan (2015). "The Carbocation: A Forgotten Lewis Acid Catalyst". ChemCatChem. 7 (13): 1896–1905. doi:10...

the first transition state in a SN1 reaction. The stabilities of the carbocations formed by this dissociation are known to follow the trend tertiary >...

of the corresponding carbocations. Tertiary carbocations are far more stable than secondary carbocations, and primary carbocations are the least stable(due...

stability of the carbocation, and steric effects. As brief examples, the formation of a sterically unencumbered, stabilized carbocation favors the AdE2...

limonene is formed from geranyl pyrophosphate, via cyclization of a neryl carbocation or its equivalent as shown. The final step involves loss of a proton...

deprotonation of the α-carbon. This results in the formation of a carbocation intermediate. The carbocation is then deprotonated resulting in the formation of a new...

leaving a carbocation on the tertiary carbon attached to the ring. A 1,3-hydride shift then takes place to give a more stable allylic carbocation. The final...

cations with the formula RCO+, where R = alkyl or aryl. They are a kind of carbocation. In acylium ions, the C-C-O linkage is linear. The oxygen and the central...

leaving group, this generates the carbocation. In the second step, the chloride nucleophile attacks the carbocation to form the product. 2-Chlorobutane...