The haruwa–charuwa system is a forced-labour system based on debt bondage, prevalent in the agricultural sector of the eastern Terai region in Nepal....

effectiveness of this abolition, however, has been questioned. Haruwa–charuwa system Kamaiya and kamlari "Agricultural bonded labour in Baitadi District...

families throughout the country, are employed in slavery-like conditions. Charuwa, a form of bonded child labour common in the Terai, has children employed...

formally outlawed the institution in the 1950s, and Nepal its Haliya, Haruwa–charuwa, Kamaiya and kamlari systems in the 2000s. After the British government...