A cofactor is a non-protein chemical compound or metallic ion that is required for an enzyme's role as a catalyst (a catalyst is a substance that increases...

"From Genetic Footprinting to Antimicrobial Drug Targets: Examples in Cofactor Biosynthetic Pathways". J. Bacteriol. 184 (16): 4555–4572. doi:10.1128/JB...

carboxylase). An example of an enzyme that contains a cofactor is carbonic anhydrase, which uses a zinc cofactor bound as part of its active site. These tightly...

Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), also called methoxatin, is a redox cofactor and antioxidant. Quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase is used as a glucose sensor...

property. Prosthetic groups are a subset of cofactors. Loosely bound metal ions and coenzymes are still cofactors, but are generally not called prosthetic...

activity. Others require non-protein molecules called cofactors to be bound for activity. Cofactors can be either inorganic (e.g., metal ions and iron-sulfur...

Heparin cofactor II (HCII), a protein encoded by the SERPIND1 gene, is a coagulation factor that inhibits IIa, and is a cofactor for heparin and dermatan...

allow the cobalamin cofactor to bind the activation domain. Krautler B (August 2005). "Vitamin B12: chemistry and biochemistry". Biochem. Soc. Trans. 33 (Pt...

Propionyl-CoA carboxylase (PCC) For the first two, biotin serves as a cofactor responsible for transfer of bicarbonate to acetyl-CoA, converting it to...

Nickel-Pincer Cofactor Operates by a Proton-Coupled Hydride Transfer Mechanism". Biochemistry. 57 (23): 3244–3251. doi:10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00100. OSTI 1502215...

Sodium-hydrogen exchange regulatory cofactor NHE-RF2 (NHERF-2) also known as tyrosine kinase activator protein 1 (TKA-1) or SRY-interacting protein 1 (SIP-1)...

oxygenases contain either a metal, usually iron, or an organic cofactor, usually flavin. These cofactors interact with O2, leading to its transfer to substrate...

decarboxylation. During the process, coenzyme A is added. With B12 as an enzymatic cofactor, it is also synthesized from propionyl CoA, the odd-numbered fatty acid...

involves the enzyme methionine synthase (MS), which requires vitamin B12 as a cofactor, and also depends indirectly on folate and other B vitamins. A second pathway...

Cofactor of BRCA1, also known as COBRA1, is a human gene that encodes NELF-B. NELF-B is a subunit of negative elongation factor (NELF), which also includes...

and methionine metabolism which use PLP (pyridoxal-5'-phosphate) as a cofactor. PLP is employed as it binds to amino groups and stabilises carbanion intermediates...

NADP or, in older notation, TPN (triphosphopyridine nucleotide), is a cofactor used in anabolic reactions, such as the Calvin cycle and lipid and nucleic...

of cofactor pyridoxal 5’-phosphate (PLP) whose role in this synthesis is detailed in the image below. Before the reaction can begin, the PLP cofactor binds...

and anaerobic sulfatases, lysine 2,3-aminomutase, and various enzymes of cofactor biosynthesis, peptide modification, metalloprotein cluster formation, tRNA...

component of the iron-molybdenum cofactor of certain nitrogenase proteins. Biochemists often refer to this cofactor as homocitrate, which is the conjugate...

congenital cofactor deficiency. A congenital molybdenum cofactor deficiency disease, seen in infants, is an inability to synthesize molybdenum cofactor, the...

This enzyme participates in monoterpenoid biosynthesis. It employs one cofactor, heme. Karp F, Mihaliak CA, Harris JL, Croteau R (1990). "Monoterpene biosynthesis:...

functionalize unactivated C-H bonds. Radical SAM enzymes are involved in cofactor biosynthesis, enzyme activation, peptide modification, post-transcriptional...

transglutaminases among other transglutaminases require Ca2+ ions as a cofactor. Transglutaminases were first described in 1959. The exact biochemical...

In molecular biology, the Cofactor transferase family is a family of protein domains that includes biotin protein ligases, lipoate-protein ligases A, octanoyl-(acyl...

participates in glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism. It uses Manganese as a cofactor. As of late 2007, 4 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes...

Biochemistry. 68: 355–81. doi:10.1146/annurev.biochem.68.1.355. PMID 10872454. Kaufman S (February 1958). "A new cofactor required for the enzymatic conversion...

employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate. Gibbs RG, Morris JG (1966). "Formation of glycine from glyoxylate in Micrococcus denitrificans". Biochem. J. 99:...

pyridoxal phosphate cofactor. Carbon dioxide is released and the remaining methylamine moiety is then transferred to the lipoamide cofactor of the H protein...

organic cofactor (minus the iron atom and CO molecules) as shown: Although the mechanism by which Hmd acts is unknown, the iron-containing cofactor is in...