the complex beam parameter is a complex number that specifies the properties of a Gaussian beam at a particular point z along the axis of the beam. It...

Gaussian beam of a given wavelength and polarization are determined by two parameters: the waist w0, which is a measure of the width of the beam at its...

diverging, negative for converging), beam spot size w and refractive index n, it is possible to define a complex beam parameter q by: 1 q = 1 R − i λ 0 π n w...

of commuting observables Complex beam parameter Complex circuit Complex dynamics Complex fluids Complex harmonic motion Complex lamellar vector field Component...

element is called a beam. For example, a closet rod sagging under the weight of clothes on clothes hangers is an example of a beam experiencing bending...

the Stokes parameters when looking down the beam towards the source (opposite the direction of light propagation) or looking down the beam away from the...

quantities: Beam width: There are over five definitions of beam width. Beam quality: Quantified by the beam quality parameter, M2. Beam divergence: This...

A beam splitter or beamsplitter is an optical device that splits a beam of light into a transmitted and a reflected beam. It is a crucial part of many...

so-called depolarizer acts on a polarized beam to create one in which the polarization varies so rapidly across the beam that it may be ignored in the intended...

headlamp is the term for the device itself and headlight is the term for the beam of light produced and distributed by the device. Headlamp performance has...

Ellipsometry can probe the complex refractive index or dielectric function tensor, which gives access to fundamental physical parameters like those listed above...

direction is measured by a parameter called antenna gain. A high-gain antenna (HGA) is a directional antenna with a focused, narrow beam width, permitting more...

be broadly divided into two categories: conventional (fixed or switched beam) beamformers adaptive beamformers or phased array Desired signal maximization...

a charged particle beam. It refers to the area occupied by the beam in a position-and-momentum phase space. Each particle in a beam can be described by...

Wei The lowercase letter ξ is used as a symbol for: Random variables A parameter in a generalized Pareto distribution The symmetric function equation of...

graph of a Gaussian is a characteristic symmetric "bell curve" shape. The parameter a is the height of the curve's peak, b is the position of the center of...

this measured beam parameter product to that of the ideal is defined as M2, so that M2=1 describes an ideal beam. The M2 value of a beam is conserved when...

refractive indices of the core and cladding, respectively. Fiber with a V-parameter of less than 2.405 only supports the fundamental mode (a hybrid mode)...

Multiple peak shape parameters. FWHM parameters: i.e. Caglioti parameters (see section 3.1.2) Asymmetry parameters (FCJ parameters) Unit cell dimensions...

gradient and the target BDR value (3 × 10−7 pulse−1m−1) drive most of the beam parameters and machine design. In order to reach these high accelerating gradients...

lattice parameter and TEM instrumentation used. Dislocations in the sample, described by their Burgers vector b, will appear under the diffracted beam, vector...

two cold beams, in which no particles are resonant with the wave, or from two hot beams, in which there exist particles from one or both beams which are...

particle beam due to their spawning of larger wakefields, which are quantified by the accelerator parameters termed "beam impedance" and "loss parameter". Nearly...

torque wrench is used where the tightness of screws and bolts is a crucial parameter of assembly or adjustment. It allows the operator to set the torque applied...

Cone beam computed tomography (or CBCT, also referred to as C-arm CT, cone beam volume CT, flat panel CT or Digital Volume Tomography (DVT)) is a medical...

Neutral-beam injection (NBI) is one method used to heat plasma inside a fusion device consisting in a beam of high-energy neutral particles that can enter...

Laser beam welding (LBW) is a welding technique used to join pieces of metal or thermoplastics through the use of a laser. The beam provides a concentrated...

{\displaystyle s} , thus identifying the system as a parametric oscillator. Beam parameters for the accelerator can then be calculated using Ray transfer matrix...

be used to model the (complex) refractive index of a surface of a bulk material. It is also very useful in determining parameters of one or more thin film...

path of the beam and its reflections from various optical elements allows the elements' positions and tilts to be adjusted. More complex cavities may...