Currency substitution is the use of a foreign currency in parallel to or instead of a domestic currency. Currency substitution can be full or partial....

and fixed exchange rates and Currency substitution#US dollar. Countries using the U.S. dollar as their official currency include: In the Americas: Panama...

in which a currency's value is fixed or pegged by a monetary authority against the value of another currency, a basket of other currencies, or another...

exchange rate of Nationalist currencies, and political instability in China created ideal conditions for currency substitution. The US dollar was popular...

availability of substitute products. Competitive equilibrium Currency substitution Fungible List of economics topics "What are substitute goods? Definition...

Community currency Community wealth building Company scrip Conder token Credit money Cryptocurrency Currency substitution Cyclos Digital currencies Digital...

In international finance, a world currency, supranational currency, or global currency is a currency that would be transacted internationally, with no...

beginning to process Eurobonds and build systems. Currency Substitute good, re currency a currency substitution might be dollarization. Interchangeable parts...

with the issues happening in 1919–1923. The currency underwent hyperinflation, and was eventually substituted by the Transcaucasian ruble, which, in its...

"An equal exchange or substitution". The term "nicker" (also both singular and plural) may also refer to the pound. The currency of all the Crown Dependencies...

(£10), 1970 (£20) and March 20, 1981 (£50). Money portal Breakage Currency substitution Fractional reserve banking Full reserve banking Gold certificate...

they use, which is known as currency substitution. This can happen intentionally, when a government issues a new currency. For example, when Brazil moved...

America's currency is overseas?". Mpra Paper. Retrieved September 14, 2014. Edgar L. Feige, "Dynamics of Currency Substitution, Asset Substitution and De...

they usually switch to more stable foreign currencies. Effective capital controls and currency substitution ("dollarization") are the orthodox solutions...

is a way a monetary authority of a country or currency union manages the currency about other currencies and the foreign exchange market. It is closely...

scale). Both Bs.S and Bs.D currencies are officially in circulation, though the economy has undergone extensive currency substitution, so the majority of transactions...

the official currency of Denmark, Greenland, and the Faroe Islands, introduced on 1 January 1875. Both the ISO code "DKK" and currency sign "kr." are...

national currencies: (the dollar, the loti and the lilangeni respectively) pegged with the rand at parity and still widely accepted as substitutes. The rand...

which spiralled into hyperinflation. Brazil used a reliable domestic currency substitute which functioned as liquidity in the economy. The expansive growth...

The renminbi (Chinese: 人民币; pinyin: Rénmínbì; lit. 'People's Currency' Chinese pronunciation: [ʐə˧˥nmi˧˥npi˥˩]; symbol: ¥; ISO code: CNY; abbreviation:...

and a signal to other economic actors. Asset–liability mismatch Currency substitution (dollarization) Debt of developing countries External debt Floating...

purchasing power parity between the currencies of countries involved, and also with the parallel currency substitution in the domestic countries. Alexander...

various times in the 19th and 20th centuries. Company scrip is a substitute for currency to pay a company's employees. In United States mining or logging...

Import substitution industrialization (ISI) is a trade and economic policy that advocates replacing foreign imports with domestic production. It is based...

refers to countries reducing reliance on the U.S. dollar as a reserve currency, medium of exchange or as a unit of account. It also entails the creation...

Export-oriented industrialization (EOI), sometimes called export substitution industrialization (ESI), export-led industrialization (ELI), or export-led...

another country. Currency substitution, i.e. payment in foreign currencies, is common in countries with a weak currency. As far as the currency that circulates...

by Zayn from Icarus Falls Transcript (disambiguation) Scrip, any currency substitute Scripps (disambiguation) Scripted (company), an online marketplace...

exchange rate of its currency, and to maintain confidence in financial markets. Reserves are held in one or more reserve currencies, nowadays mostly the...

Research," with Professor Ernest Aryeetey, ISSER. October 2000 AERC . "Currency Substitution and Money Demand in Ghana: A Cointegration Analysis". Research Department...