geminal diol (or gem-diol for short) is any organic compound having two hydroxyl functional groups (-OH) bound to the same carbon atom. Geminal diols...

4-butanediol HO−(CH2)4−OH and propylene-1,3-diol, or beta propylene glycol, HO−CH2−CH2−CH2−OH. A geminal diol has two hydroxyl groups bonded to the same...

the same atom often behave differently from when they are separated. Geminal diols, for example, are easily converted to ketones or aldehydes with loss...

Chloral hydrate is a geminal diol with the formula Cl3C−CH(OH)2. It was first used as a sedative and hypnotic in Germany in the 1870s. Over time it was...

3-Butanediol 1,4-Butanediol 2,3-Butanediol There are also two geminal diols (gem-diols), which are less stable: 1,1-Butanediol, hydrate of butanal 2,2-Butanediol...

chemical compounds: 1,2-Propanediol, a.k.a. propylene glycol, a vicinal diol 1,3-Propanediol, a.k.a. trimethylene glycol 1,1-Propanediol 2,2-Propanediol...

alkylimino-de-oxo-bisubstitution. Hemiaminals can be viewed as a blend of aminals and geminal diol. They are a special case of amino alcohols. Hemiaminals form from the...

5 H2O), which is a hemihydrate of hexafluoropropane-2,2-diol (F 3C) 2C(OH) 2, a geminal diol. The industrial route to HFA involves treatment of hexachloroacetone...

action of hydrogen sulfide. Their stability contrasts with the rarity of geminal diols. Examples include methanedithiol, ethane-1,1-dithiol, and cyclohexane-1...

vicinal diol 1,3-Propanediol (trimethylene glycol) 1,1-Propanediol (geminal diol) 2,2-Propanediol (geminal diol) Diol (Glycol) Geminal diol Vicinal diol This...

sizes have been isolated. Similarly, formaldehyde hydrates to give the geminal diol methanediol, which condenses further to form hydroxy-terminated oligomers...

as an electrophile, the nucleophile can be: water in hydration to a geminal diol (hydrate) an alcohol in acetalisation to an acetal a hydride in reduction...

organic compound with chemical formula CH2(OH)2. It is the simplest geminal diol. In aqueous solutions it coexists with oligomers (short polymers). The...

approximate order of their generality: With water (hydration) gives geminal diols, which are usually not formed in appreciable (or observable) amounts...

Saxitoxin (STX) is a potent neurotoxin and the best-known paralytic shellfish toxin. Ingestion of saxitoxin by humans, usually by consumption of shellfish...

molecular formula C6O12H12 or C6(OH)12 or (C(OH)2)6. It is a sixfold geminal diol with a cyclohexane backbone and can be regarded as a sixfold hydrate...

example, in the presence of water, the carbonyl rapidly converts to a geminal diol (described as the "monohydrate"). The equilibrium constant (K) is 300...

Bromal hydrate is an organobromine compound with the chemical formula C2H3Br3O2. It is the bromine analogue of chloral hydrate. Bromal hydrate forms when...

Phenylmethanediol is an organic compound that is a geminal diol, the hydrate of benzaldehyde. It is a short-lived intermediate in some chemical reactions...

than the triorgano derivatives. The simple tin geminal diols (R2Sn(OH)2, the tin analogues of geminal diols R2C(OH)2) and monomeric stannanones (R2Sn=O,...

enol-dione equilibrium in acetylacetone. Alkenal Enolase Ketone Ynol Geminal diol, another form of ketones and aldehydes in water solutions Regioselectivity...

C2H2 → CH3CHO Aldehydes and to some extent even ketones, hydrate to geminal diols. The reaction is especially dominant for formaldehyde, which, in the...

sulfoxide (DMSO), salts, zwitterions, cosolvents, acids, alcohols, phenol, geminal diols and amphiphilic fluoro-compounds. This conductivity is comparable to...

typically hydrated, i.e., one keto group has added water to give the geminal diol. DPD is produced by degradation of S-adenosylhomocysteine by the action...

organic compound with formula C5O10H10 or C5(OH)10. It is a fivefold geminal diol on a cyclopentane backbone. The compound can be regarded as the fivefold...

{\displaystyle {\ce {H2SO4 + CH3CO2H <=> HSO4- + CH3C(OH)2+}}} The unlikely geminal diol species CH3C(OH)+2 is stable in these environments. For aqueous solutions...

water. In this situation, the aldehyde reacts with water to form the geminal diol hydrate, which is then oxidized again. The oxidation generates water...

where two of the original ketone groups are replaced by two pairs of geminal diols. The orange to deep-red and highly hygroscopic anhydrous acid can be...

Ninhydrin (2,2-dihydroxyindane-1,3-dione) is an organic compound with the formula C6H4(CO)2C(OH)2. It is used to detect ammonia and amines. Upon reaction...

available, propionaldehyde exists in equilibrium with 1,1-propanediol, a geminal diol. It is predominantly used as a precursor to trimethylolethane (CH3C(CH2OH)3)...