L2F, or Layer 2 Forwarding, is a tunneling protocol developed by Cisco Systems, Inc. to establish virtual private network connections over the Internet...

tunneling protocols for point-to-point communication: Cisco's Layer 2 Forwarding Protocol (L2F) and Microsoft's Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP)...

Protocol IPSec (IP protocols 50 and 51): Internet Protocol Security L2TP (UDP port 1701): Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol L2TPv3 (IP protocol 115): Layer 2...

L2F, Layer 2 Forwarding Protocol L2TP, Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol NetBIOS, Network Basic Input Output System PAP, Password Authentication Protocol PPTP...

Protocol LattisNet LocalTalk L2F Layer 2 Forwarding Protocol L2TP Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol LLDP Link Layer Discovery Protocol LLDP-MED Link Layer Discovery...

In the seven-layer OSI model of computer networking, the network layer is layer 3. The network layer is responsible for packet forwarding including routing...

to maintain and support an MPLS environment. Layer 2 Forwarding Protocol Cisco - Virtual Route Forwarding Design Guide Configuring VRF-lite (PDF), Cisco...

routing protocols in the same layer as IP, reasoning that routing protocols inform decisions made by the forwarding process of routers. IETF protocols can...

Overlay Transport Virtualization (OTV). RARP is used to update the layer 2 forwarding tables when a MAC address moves between data centers. VMware vSphere's...

protocol for computer networks. It evolved from the earlier RADIUS protocol. It belongs to the application layer protocols in the Internet protocol suite...

protocol, which makes it a layer 2 protocol in the Internet Standard RFC 1122 TCP/IP four-layer model or a layer 3 protocol in the modern five-layer TCP/IP...

STP designates one layer-2 switch as root bridge. All switches then select their best connection towards the root bridge for forwarding and block other redundant...

Description Protocol (SDP), which is carried as payload in SIP messages. SIP is designed to be independent of the underlying transport layer protocol and can...

transport medium, using any protocol. The primary benefit is to eliminate dependence on a particular OSI model data link layer (layer 2) technology, and eliminate...

at wire speed and also provide layer-3 routing. There is no performance difference between forwarding at different layers because the routing and switching...

with Spanning Tree Protocol. It is suitable to most industrial Ethernet applications. MRP operates at the data link layer (OSI Layer 2) of Ethernet switches...

GPRS Tunnelling Protocol (GTP) is a group of IP-based communications protocols used to carry general packet radio service (GPRS) within GSM, UMTS, LTE...

Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is a standardized exterior gateway protocol designed to exchange routing and reachability information among autonomous systems...

exceptions are application protocols that embed Internet-layer addresses, such as File Transfer Protocol (FTP) and Network Time Protocol (NTP), where the new...

Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF) is an advanced layer 3 switching technology used mainly in large core networks or the Internet to enhance the overall network...

Cisco Systems. This method is also known as a Layer 2 circuit. It uses the Label Distribution Protocol (LDP) to communicate between PE routers. In this...

Layer 7 of the OSI model, the Application Layer. Because packets are inspected at 7 OSI Level the application-SOCKS firewall may search for protocol non-compliance...

multicast routing, Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) and a multicast routing protocol (Reverse-path forwarding, PIM-SM) for registration subscriber grouping...

with the Address Resolution Protocol for IPv4, or by Neighbor Discovery Protocol (IPv6) into the MAC address (a layer 2 concept) of the destination host...

knowledge of the FTP protocol, to monitor and rewrite FTP control channel messages and autonomously open new packet forwardings for FTP data channels...

underlying protocol layers which meet the requirements described in the specification are possible. Comparison of file transfer protocols Internet protocol suite...

internet layer for routing packets by their destination IP address. OSPF supports Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) and Internet Protocol version 6...

connected nodes, it forwards data link layer frames using a layer-2 forwarding method. There are four forwarding methods a bridge can use, of which the...

tunneling, forwarding of TCP ports and X11 connections and it can be used to transfer files using the associated SSH File Transfer Protocol (SFTP) or Secure...

CubeSat Space Protocol (CSP) is a small network-layer delivery protocol designed for CubeSats.[citation needed] The idea was developed by a group of students...