In logic and mathematics, necessity and sufficiency are terms used to describe a conditional or implicational relationship between two statements. For...

Biological tests of necessity and sufficiency refer to experimental methods and techniques that seek to test or provide evidence for specific kinds of...

and an associated proof method known as § Proof by contrapositive. The contrapositive of a statement has its antecedent and consequent inverted and flipped...

In logic, extensional and intensional definitions are two key ways in which the objects, concepts, or referents a term refers to can be defined. They...

Logical symbols representing iff   In logic and related fields such as mathematics and philosophy, "if and only if" (often shortened as "iff") is paraphrased...

called converse error, fallacy of the converse, or confusion of necessity and sufficiency, is a formal fallacy of taking a true conditional statement (e...

categorical syllogism is not distributed. Modal fallacy – confusing necessity with sufficiency. A condition X is necessary for Y if X is required for even the...

greatly concerned with the logical statuses of propositions, e.g. necessity, contingency, and impossibility. In the twentieth century, possible worlds have...

argumentation, and narration. Fiction-writing specifically has modes such as action, exposition, description, dialogue, summary, and transition. Author...

A closed concept is a concept where all the necessary and sufficient conditions required to include something within the concept can be listed. For example...

[citation needed] References feature in many spheres of human activity and knowledge, and the term adopts shades of meaning particular to the contexts in which...

(fallacy) Denying the antecedent (fallacy) Necessity and sufficiency See Conditional sentence. Sets, Functions and Logic - An Introduction to Abstract Mathematics...

called "modal" because they appeal to the modal notions of logical necessity and logical possibility. 'It is necessary that' is often expressed as a...

the subject of continued debate. Treating logical truths, analytic truths, and necessary truths as equivalent, logical truths can be contrasted with facts...

deduction -- Natural kind -- Natural language -- Necessary and sufficient -- Necessity and sufficiency -- Negation -- Neutrality (philosophy) -- Nirvana fallacy...

collects only scenarios that have been called a paradox by at least one source and have their own article in this encyclopedia. Although considered paradoxes...

the free dictionary. Antecedent (logic) Conjecture Necessity and sufficiency Sets, Functions and Logic - An Introduction to Abstract Mathematics, Keith...

of Kripke and others (see Hilary Putnam), philosophers tend to distinguish the notion of aprioricity more clearly from that of necessity and analyticity...

language.] Affirming the consequent Modus ponens Modus tollens Necessity and sufficiency Plausible reasoning Matthew C. Harris. "Denying the antecedent"...

errors in definitions that were assumed to be rigorous, and have caused axioms of mathematics and logic to be re-examined. One example is Russell's paradox...

this approach, especially in relation to modality, in his book Naming and Necessity. There is a presumption in the classic example of a definition that...

the premises to be true and the conclusion to be false. For example, the inference from the premises "all men are mortal" and "Socrates is a man" to the...

location, the name for use in HTML documents, and the LaTeX symbol. The following symbols are either advanced and context-sensitive or very rarely used: Philosophy...

Conditions in this sense may be called situational. Usually, necessity and sufficiency relate conditions of the same kind. Being an animal is a necessary...

practice of fitting the final selected model followed by reporting estimates and confidence intervals without adjusting them to take the model building process...

logical conditionals accounting only for necessity and sufficiency do not always reflect every day if-then reasoning, and for this reason they are sometimes...

opposition to", and νόμος, nómos, "law") refers to a real or apparent mutual incompatibility of two notions. It is a term used in logic and epistemology...

stated in schematic terms belong to logic, and not those given in concrete terms. The concrete terms man, mortal, and so forth are analogous to the substitution...

field of logic and that of computer science. The topic can essentially be divided into three main areas: Theoretical foundations and analysis Use of...

In linguistics and philosophy, a presupposition is an implicit assumption about the world or background belief relating to an utterance whose truth is...