Proto-Tupian (PT) is the reconstructed common ancestor of all the Tupian languages. It consists, therefore, of a hypothetical language, reconstructed by...

these languages and maybe of its speaking peoples. Rodrigues believes the Proto-Tupian language dates back to around 3,000 BC. Tupian languages have extensively...

Proto-Mixtec [es] Proto-Tucanoan [ru] Proto-Tupian Proto-Macro-Jê [pt] Proto-Arawakan [pt] Proto-Siouan These are hypothetical proto-languages that cannot be substantiated...

among Jê, Tupian, Cariban, Arawakan, and Trumai languages is also evident among the languages of the Xingu Indigenous Park. Comparison of Proto-Macro-Jê...

quite clear that Tupian languages expanded from Rondônia, which is an area of greater diversification; in fact, almost all Tupian languages outside of Rondônia...

needed] Meira, Gildea, & Hoff (2010) note that likely morphemes in proto-Tupian and proto-Cariban are good candidates for being cognates, but that work so...

of Nilo-Saharan languages may have unified around 7000 years ago. Aryon Rodrigues hypothesizes the emergence of a Proto-Tupian language between the Guaporé...

most widely distributed subfamily of the Tupian languages of South America. It consists of about fifty languages, including Guarani and Old Tupi. The most...

The Yuruna languages (or Jurúna languages) of Brazil form a branch of the Tupian language family. They are Jurúna, Maritsauá, and Xipaya. Below is a list...

similarities with the Arawakan, Tupian, Trumai, and Ofayé language families due to contact, pointing to an origin of Proto-Mataguayo-Guaicuruan in the Upper...

‘White man’).: 10–2  The phonology of the Tapirapé language originated in the Proto-Tupian language. Among its main features, the presence of alternation...

Gordon (2005) follows Stark. Mason (1950: 236–238) groups Bora–Witoto, Tupian, and Zaparoan together as part of a proposed Macro-Tupí-Guaranían family...

Andoque, Proto-Cariban and Yagua, and found Bora-Witoto to be not related to any of the others. Mason (1950: 236–238) groups Bora–Witoto, Tupian, and Zaparoan...

to the breakup of linguistic unity. Tupian Proto-Tupian, the reconstructed common ancestor of the Tupian languages of South America, was probably spoken...

similarities with Bororoan, Kariri, and Chiquitano, of the kind also shared with Tupian and Cariban, but little lexical evidence. Jolkesky (2016) proposes the following...

The term General Language (Portuguese: língua geral) refers to lingua francas that emerged in South America during the 16th and 17th centuries, the two...

blue/green are also found in Mayan languages; for example, in the Yucatec Maya language, yax is 'blue/green'. Tupian languages did not originally differ between...

Consciously devised language Endangered language – Language that is at risk of going extinct Ethnologue#Language families Extinct language – Language that no longer...

first two centuries of colonization, a language based on Tupian languages known as Língua Geral ("General Language") was widely spoken in the colony, not...

Puinave-Nadahup languages, Jolkesky (2016) notes that there are lexical similarities with the Tupian, Harakmbet, Katukina-Katawixi, Arawak, and Karaja language families...

The Tuparí languages of Brazil form a branch of the Tupian language family. The Tupari languages are: Tupari Makuráp Nuclear Tupari Akuntsu–Mekéns (Sakirabiá...

Canela (Macro-Jê) Georgian (Kartvelian) Greenlandic (Eskimo-Aleut) Guarani (Tupian) Japanese (Japonic) Karuk (Hokan) Khmer (Austroasiatic) Korean (Koreanic)...

Andean–Equatorial Andean Jivaroan Macro-Tucanoan Equatorial (with Macro-Arawakan and Tupian) Ge–Pano–Carib Macro-Ge Macro-Panoan Macro-Carib Nambikwara Huarpe Taruma...

varieties Tupian branches in the Mamoré–Guaporé linguistic area are: Ramarama languages Puruborá language Mondé languages Tupari languages Arikem languages Guarayo...

The Paulista General Language, also called Southern General Language and Austral Tupi, was a lingua franca and creole language formed in the 16th century...

The Mundurukú languages of Brazil form a branch of the Tupian language family. They are Munduruku and the extinct Kuruáya. Loukotka (1968) lists the following...

Tiníwan, Pamiguan) † Trumai (Brazil: Xingu, Mato Grosso) Tucanoan (15) Tupian (70, including Guaraní) Tuxá (Brazil: Bahia, Pernambuco) † Urarina (also...

Panoan (also Pánoan, Panoano, Panoana, Páno) is a family of languages spoken in western Brazil, eastern Peru, and northern Bolivia. It is possibly a branch...

of the Yuruna languages. Juruna at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required) Carvalho, Fernando O. de. 2019. Revisitando o Proto-Jurúna: a reconstrução...

The Maweti–Guarani languages of Brazil form a branch of the Tupian language family according to Meira and Drude (2015). The branch was originally proposed...