French clergy, with those taking the oath known as juring priests [fr], and those refusing the oath known as non-juring clergy or refractory clergy. In the...

that all refractory priest could no longer practice marriages and baptisms which were public ceremonies. By not allowing refractory clergy to practice...

non-jurors or Refractory clergy were clergy members who refused to swear an oath of allegiance to the state under the Civil Constitution of the Clergy; also known...

Congress. Retrieved 16 May 2017. Mitchell, C. J. "Emigrés and the Refractory Clergy." In The French Legislative Assembly of 1791, 43–60. Leiden, The Netherlands:...

against the revolution. The result was state-led persecution of "Refractory clergy", many of whom were forced into exile, deported, or executed. The...

during the Civil Constitution of the Clergy Refractory disease, one not responsive to common modes of treatment Refractory period (disambiguation), a period...

XVI's successor, would one day rule France. The royalists and the refractory clergy, including those preparing the insurrection in Vendée, supported Marie...

constitutional clergy, favourable to a national church, and the 'refractory clergy' who followed the condemnation of the Civil Constitution of the Clergy by Pope...

especially outside Paris, and would only drive them into the arms of the refractory clergy, which is exactly what happened with disastrous results in the Vendée...

French Republic). The victims were 160 Catholic priests known as 'refractory clergy' (French: clergé réfractaire) who had been arrested in the area. After...

influence to help in the repeal of the strict laws against émigrés, refractory clergy, and the royalists of the west. The Pope released him from the ban...

The victims were 160 arrested Catholic priests that were labeled "refractory clergy" by the National Convention. When British writer Charles Montagu Doughty...

Constitutional Church), which caused the division of the clergy into constitutional clergy and refractory clergy. The year 1793 would be the last year for the congregation...

Pope Pius VII, put an end to the rift between the sworn clergy ("jureur") and the refractory clergy (who had refused to take the oath). The First Consul...

priests ("jurors"), also known as "constitutional clergy", and nonjuring priests as "refractory clergy". In September 1792, the Legislative Assembly legalized...

its enactment, obstinate, anti-republican Catholic priests, called 'refractory clergy' (French: clergé réfractaire), were alleged to be royalist suspects...

became more acute; the Directory took severe measures toward the refractory clergy [those who would not swear allegiance to the government]. In 1971...

celebrations and "their noisy transports" (Article 7). From 1792 onwards, refractory clergy were treated as suspects and subjected to special surveillance, even...

replaced the statue, resulting in about twenty executions, including ten refractory clergy, nine royalists, two emigrants, a woman who had hidden royalists,...

The following is a list of English words without rhymes, called refractory rhymes—that is, a list of words in the English language that rhyme with no other...

Stanislas Fréron and Jean-Paul Marat reproached his sympathies for the refractory clergy. During the Varennes affair, he revealed himself as a docile executor...

the court and the king’s ministers. He favoured war, was hostile to refractory clergy and émigrés as well as to the monarchy after the demonstration of...

Noël Pinot (9 December 9 1747 - 21 February 1794) was a refractory priest who was guillotined during the War in the Vendée. He was beatified by the Catholic...

constitutional oath from 1791 onward, known as "sworn priests" in contrast to "refractory priests". The priests who were deputies to the National Convention and...

expropriated and priests killed or forced to leave France. Later in 1792, "refractory priests" were targeted and replaced with their secular counterpart from...

property into her hands, at other times, because they showed themselves refractory to her orders...". After this discovery, she was jailed and escaped from...

Finistère. He was one of two deputies elected in 1788 by the Léon assembly of clergy to represent them at the Estates-General convened by Louis XVI. At the National...

1789, for a meeting of the Estates General, an assembly of the nobility, clergy, and commoners (the Third Estate), which has not met since 1614. August...

the French Revolutionary government passed the Civil Constitution of the Clergy, which outlawed religious life.[a] The community of Carmelite sisters at...

at its opening in 1685, declaring his wish for new penal laws against refractory Presbyterians and lamented that he was not there in person to promote...