The Venera 11 (Russian: Венера-11 meaning Venus 11) was a Soviet uncrewed space mission which was part of the Venera program to explore the planet Venus...
15 KB (756 words) - 21:32, 25 December 2023
The Venera (Russian: Вене́ра, pronounced [vʲɪˈnʲɛrə] 'Venus') program was a series of space probes developed by the Soviet Union between 1961 and 1984...
32 KB (2,546 words) - 08:56, 18 August 2024
Venera 9 (Russian: Венера-9, lit. 'Venus-9'), manufacturer's designation: 4V-1 No. 660, was a Soviet uncrewed space mission to Venus. It consisted of an...
11 KB (1,050 words) - 17:44, 7 January 2024
flight platform on 19 December 1978, the Venera 12 lander entered the Venus atmosphere two days later at 11.2 kilometres per second (7.0 mi/s). During...
14 KB (679 words) - 02:02, 14 June 2024
Venera 10 (Russian: Венера-10 meaning Venus 10), or 4V-1 No. 661, was a Soviet uncrewed space mission to Venus. It consisted of an orbiter and a lander...
14 KB (739 words) - 19:39, 18 November 2023
atmospheric entry destroyed the spacecraft in August 1992. Also in 1978, Venera 11 and Venera 12 flew past Venus, dropping descent vehicles on December 21 and...
80 KB (6,926 words) - 08:16, 14 June 2024
Venera 8 (Russian: Венера-8 meaning Venus 8) was a probe in the Soviet Venera program for the exploration of Venus and was the second robotic space probe...
6 KB (536 words) - 16:13, 25 April 2023
Union followed by the United States have soft landed probes on the surface. Venera 7 was the first lander overall and first for the Soviet Union, touching...
30 KB (1,112 words) - 09:48, 18 August 2024
Venera 16 (Russian: Венера-16 meaning Venus 16) was a spacecraft sent to Venus by the Soviet Union. This uncrewed orbiter was to map the surface of Venus...
6 KB (600 words) - 22:48, 10 January 2023
Venera 14 (called Venus 14 in English) was a probe in the Soviet Venera program for the exploration of Venus. Venera 14 was identical to the Venera 13...
15 KB (965 words) - 15:54, 14 April 2024
quadrangle, to which it gave its name. Four Soviet landers, Venera 11, Venera 12, Venera 13 and Venera 14, landed on the eastern side of Phoebe Regio and performed...
1 KB (87 words) - 09:16, 20 October 2023
8K72 Venera Cosmos 27 Venera 2 Venera 3 Venera 4 Venera 5 Venera 6 Venera 7 Venera 8 Cosmos 482 Venera 9 Venera 10 Venera 11 Venera 12 Venera 13 Venera 14...
18 KB (1,803 words) - 05:20, 23 August 2024
19 April 2019. "Venera 11". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 16 December 2016. Retrieved 16 April 2019. "Venera 11 Descent Craft". nssdc...
174 KB (8,646 words) - 17:07, 16 June 2024
launch Mars 3, Mars 4, Mars 6 and Venera 11, whilst Area 24 was used by Mars 2, Mars 5, Mars 7, Venera 9, Venera 10 and Venera 12. Several Luna probes were...
4 KB (323 words) - 09:22, 5 February 2023
mission change in the Venera program, following on from the cancellation of the American Halley mission in 1981. A later Venera mission was canceled and...
12 KB (1,484 words) - 13:27, 15 May 2024
Hesperos) - Greek Gods of the Morning & Evening Stars". Metamorphoses 11.295 Metamorphoses 11.271 Apollodorus, 1.7.4 Halbertal, Moshe; Margalit, Avishai. Idolatry...
9 KB (1,025 words) - 04:53, 16 July 2024
interplanetary flight, Venera 1, followed by many essential interplanetary firsts, such as the first soft landing on another planet by Venera 7 in 1970. These...
217 KB (19,769 words) - 10:17, 25 August 2024
of lightning. There have been attempts to observe lightning from the Venera 11, 12, 13, and 14 landers, however no lightning activity was recorded, but...
93 KB (10,642 words) - 18:36, 23 August 2024
Venera-D (Russian: Венера-Д, pronounced [vʲɪˈnʲɛrə ˈdɛ]) is a proposed Russian space mission to Venus that would include an orbiter and a lander to be...
17 KB (1,642 words) - 13:16, 22 August 2024
Venera 2 (Russian: Венера-2 meaning Venus 2), also known as 3MV-4 No.4 was a Soviet spacecraft intended to explore Venus. A 3MV-4 spacecraft launched as...
5 KB (360 words) - 20:42, 19 January 2024
Soviet Venera 5 and Venera 6 probes were crushed by high pressure while still 18 km above the surface. Following landers such as Venera 7 and Venera 8 succeeded...
18 KB (1,990 words) - 04:37, 13 August 2024
Kosmos 167 Venera 5 Venera 6 Venera 7 Venera 8 Kosmos 482 Venera 9 Venera 10 Venera 11 Venera 12 Venera 13 Venera 14 Venera 15 Venera 16 Mariner program...
6 KB (607 words) - 15:35, 24 August 2024
lightning on Venus comes from the electromagnetic waves first detected by Venera 11 and 12 landers. Theoretical calculations of the Schumann resonances at...
55 KB (6,095 words) - 23:14, 12 August 2024
Venus Venera Venera 1 Venera 2 Venera 3 Venera 4 Venera 5 Venera 6 Venera 7 Venera 8 Venera 9 Venera 10 Venera 11 Venera 12 Venera 13 Venera 14 Venera 15...
6 KB (506 words) - 12:28, 28 February 2024
materials at the Venera 9, 10, 14 and Vega 1 and 2 landing had chemical compositions similar to tholeiitic basalts, while the Venera 8 and 13 sites chemically...
50 KB (6,404 words) - 22:46, 14 August 2024
Venera 4 (Russian: Венера-4, lit. 'Venus-4'), also designated 4V-1 No.310, was a probe in the Soviet Venera program for the exploration of Venus. The...
17 KB (1,939 words) - 04:02, 12 June 2024
Landers into the atmosphere of Venus, the two uncrewed Soviet spaceprobes Venera 11 and 12, then in heliocentric orbit, were hit by a blast of gamma radiation...
31 KB (3,266 words) - 18:10, 15 August 2024
on Venus in the journal Nature. In the analysis of mission data from the Venera, Pioneer Venus and Magellan missions, it was discovered that carbonyl sulfide...
54 KB (5,975 words) - 08:31, 16 August 2024
energy from Earth's mid-infrared emissions". Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 111 (11): 3927–32. Bibcode:2014PNAS..111.3927B. doi:10.1073/pnas.1402036111. PMC 3964088...
48 KB (6,063 words) - 21:29, 25 August 2024
participants made a measurement of the astronomical unit (AU) of 149 608 708 km ± 11 835 km which had only a 0.007% difference to the accepted value. The entire...
6 KB (570 words) - 12:14, 2 December 2023