Kainate receptors, or kainic acid receptors (KARs), are ionotropic receptors that respond to the neurotransmitter glutamate. They were first identified...
11 KB (1,263 words) - 21:34, 11 June 2024
receptor, along with the kainate receptor. Its name is derived from its ability to be activated by the artificial glutamate analog AMPA. The receptor...
60 KB (7,024 words) - 22:23, 19 October 2024
are activated by the neurotransmitter kainate and are permeable to both sodium and potassium ions. Kainate receptors are expressed in a variety of brain...
63 KB (6,876 words) - 17:09, 12 September 2024
GRIK1 (category Ionotropic glutamate receptors)
Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, kainate 1, also known as GRIK1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GRIK1 gene. This gene encodes one of the...
12 KB (1,657 words) - 04:01, 5 October 2023
Barbiturate (category Kainate receptor antagonists)
this receptor. In addition to this GABAergic effect, barbiturates also block AMPA and kainate receptors, subtypes of ionotropic glutamate receptor. Glutamate...
44 KB (4,711 words) - 18:17, 24 September 2024
Willardiine (section Kainate receptors in disease)
than AMP receptors. In general, the function of kainate receptors is much less characterized than AMPA receptors. Interestingly, kainate receptors are expressed...
44 KB (4,891 words) - 12:18, 5 March 2024
is one of three types of ionotropic glutamate receptors, the other two being AMPA and kainate receptors. Depending on its subunit composition, its ligands...
107 KB (12,058 words) - 22:07, 12 October 2024
Kainic acid (redirect from Kainate)
glutamate receptors: NMDA receptors, AMPA receptors, kainate receptors, and the metabotropic glutamate receptors. Kainic acid is an agonist for kainate receptors...
11 KB (1,117 words) - 10:58, 18 October 2023
GRIK2 (redirect from Ionotropic glutamate receptor 6)
Glutamate ionotropic receptor kainate type subunit 2, also known as ionotropic glutamate receptor 6 or GluR6, is a protein that in humans is encoded by...
24 KB (3,092 words) - 09:25, 10 June 2024
and sequence similarity: AMPA receptors, kainate receptors, NMDA receptors and delta receptors (see below). AMPA receptors are the main charge carriers...
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as kainate receptors, are similar in many respects to AMPA receptors, but much less abundant. Many synapses use multiple types of glutamate receptors. AMPA...
20 KB (2,177 words) - 11:44, 17 August 2024
Sevoflurane Talampanel; Unknown/unsorted antagonists: Minocycline KARTooltip Kainate receptor Agonists: Main site agonists: 5-Bromowillardiine 5-Iodowillardiine...
70 KB (7,823 words) - 13:14, 17 October 2024
GRIK5 (category Ionotropic glutamate receptors)
Glutamate receptor, ionotropic kainate 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GRIK5 gene. This gene encodes a protein that belongs to the glutamate-gated...
7 KB (834 words) - 15:55, 31 March 2024
Pharmacology of ethanol (category Kainate receptor antagonists)
allosteric modulator Kainate receptor: negative allosteric modulator Glycine receptor: positive allosteric modulator Serotonin 5-HT3 receptor: positive allosteric...
97 KB (10,570 words) - 00:30, 17 October 2024
Theanine (category Kainate receptor antagonists)
the micromolar range, including the AMPA and kainate receptors and, to a lesser extent, the NMDA receptor. It acts as an antagonist of the former two sites...
22 KB (2,092 words) - 15:05, 23 July 2024
Tezampanel (category Kainate receptor antagonists)
the AMPA and kainate subtypes of the ionotropic glutamate receptor family, with selectivity for the GluR5 subtype of the kainate receptor. It has neuroprotective...
11 KB (1,024 words) - 19:34, 20 December 2023
GRIK4 (category Ionotropic glutamate receptors)
GRIK4 (glutamate receptor, ionotropic, kainate 4) is a kainate receptor subtype belonging to the family of ligand-gated ion channels which is encoded by...
6 KB (655 words) - 00:29, 4 March 2023
UBP-302 (category Kainate receptor antagonists)
UBP-302 is a highly selective kainate receptor antagonist used in the study of many neurological processes. It is active at micromolar concentration within...
3 KB (185 words) - 12:40, 18 September 2023
CNQX (category Kainate receptor antagonists)
cyanquixaline (6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione) is a competitive AMPA/kainate receptor antagonist. Its chemical formula is C9H4N4O4. CNQX is often used in...
9 KB (959 words) - 14:03, 26 September 2024
NBQX (category Kainate receptor antagonists)
antagonist of the AMPA receptor. NBQX blocks AMPA receptors in micromolar concentrations (~10–20 μM) and also blocks kainate receptors. In experiments, it...
3 KB (133 words) - 20:14, 5 April 2024
Ibotenic acid (category Kainate receptor agonists)
metabotropic glutamate receptors. It is inactive at group III mGluRs. Ibotenic acid also acts as a weak agonist of the AMPA and kainate receptors. In addition,...
16 KB (1,473 words) - 00:34, 20 July 2024
NMDA receptor antagonists are a class of drugs that work to antagonize, or inhibit the action of, the N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR). They are commonly...
38 KB (4,196 words) - 12:46, 14 July 2024
Sodium thiopental (category Kainate receptor antagonists)
acetylcholine receptor (nAChR), the 5-HT3 receptor, the glycine receptor and others. Surprisingly, while GABAA receptor currents are increased by barbiturates...
37 KB (3,722 words) - 15:48, 14 September 2024
for the kainate receptor. This potent agonist has nearly 3,000 fold- and 200-fold selectivity for kainate receptors over AMPA and NMDA receptors, respectively...
4 KB (338 words) - 16:03, 3 November 2023
Topiramate (category Kainate receptor antagonists)
(2) high-voltage-activated calcium channels; (3) GABA-A receptors; (4) AMPA/kainate receptors; and (5) carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes. There is evidence...
44 KB (3,871 words) - 04:34, 23 September 2024
In biochemistry and pharmacology, receptors are chemical structures, composed of protein, that receive and transduce signals that may be integrated into...
26 KB (2,672 words) - 14:14, 22 July 2024
Selurampanel (category Kainate receptor antagonists)
quinoxalinedione series which acts as a competitive antagonist of the AMPA and kainate receptors and, as of 2015, is being investigated in clinical trials by Novartis...
4 KB (240 words) - 09:15, 4 September 2023
Pentobarbital (category Kainate receptor antagonists)
barbiturates, pentobarbital binds to the barbiturate-binding site on the GABA-A receptor. This action increases the duration of ion-channel opening. At high doses...
22 KB (1,978 words) - 03:12, 15 October 2024
Diazoxide (category Kainate receptor agonists)
Diazoxide acts as a positive allosteric modulator of the AMPA and kainate receptors, suggesting potential application as a cognitive enhancer. Diazoxide...
11 KB (892 words) - 04:28, 28 May 2024
Quisqualic acid (category Kainate receptor agonists)
is an agonist of the AMPA, kainate, and group I metabotropic glutamate receptors. It is one of the most potent AMPA receptor agonists known. It causes...
31 KB (3,541 words) - 16:24, 7 October 2024