Kamaiya and Kamlari (also called Kamalari) were two traditional systems of bonded labour practised in the western Terai of Nepal. Both were abolished...

this abolition, however, has been questioned. Haruwa–charuwa system Kamaiya and kamlari "Agricultural bonded labour in Baitadi District Far Western Region...

institution in the 1950s, and Nepal its Haliya, Haruwa–charuwa, Kamaiya and kamlari systems in the 2000s. After the British government passed legislation...

involved in eradicating the practice of Kamaiya and kamlari among the Tharu people in Western Nepal. Through the Kamlari system, Tharu girls as young as six...

parents, the kamlaris are slaves to the landlord for the duration of the contract, and are subject to violence and abuse. Many kamlaris are sold off repeatedly...