world as working languages. However, Tuareg, a branch of the Berber languages, is still playing the role of a lingua franca to some extent in some vast...

(/ˌtɪmbʌkˈtuː/ TIM-buk-TOO; French: Tombouctou; Koyra Chiini: Tumbutu; Tuareg: ⵜⵏⵀⵗⵜ, romanized: Tin Bukt) is an ancient city in Mali, situated 20 kilometres...

In January 2012, an armed conflict broke out in northern Mali, in which Tuareg rebels took control of a territory in the north, and in April declared the...

(Tuareg: Azawaɣ, or Azawad; Arabic: أزواد), was a short-lived unrecognised state lasting between 2012 and 2013. Azawagh (Azawaɣ) is the generic Tuareg...

the Sahara desert, and is also the capital of Aïr, one of the traditional Tuareg–Berber federations. The historic centre of the town has been designated...

languages spoken in Nigeria. The official language and most widely spoken lingua franca is English, which was the language of Colonial Nigeria. Nigerian...

records. The final spread occurred in the first millennium AD, when the Tuareg, now possessing camels, moved into the central Sahara; in the past, the...

colonization of Western Sahara and Cape Juby by Spain, Spanish is spoken as a lingua franca by most of the Sahrawis, especially among the Sahrawi diaspora, with...

a language cluster comprising 30 or so modern varieties. Arabic is the lingua franca of people who live in countries of the Arab world as well as of Arabs...

found in southern Niger and northern Nigeria. The language is used as a lingua franca by non-native speakers in most of northern Nigeria, southern Niger...

dor in Romania, Tizita in Ethiopia, Hiraeth in Welsh, or Assouf for the Tuareg people, appocundria in Neapolitan, or mall in Albanian. In Slovak, the word...

Temacine Tamahaq, among the Tuareg of the Hoggar (see Tuareg languages) The CIA World Factbook states that French is a lingua franca of Algeria. The Permanent...

in South Africa and Namibia (Afrikaans, English, German) and are used as lingua francas in Liberia and the former colonies of the United Kingdom (English)...

the number of Berber speakers. Tamasheq is a Berber language spoken by Tuaregs in the extreme south-east of the country, who have moved into Mauritania...

cosmopolitan with settled populations of Arab, Tuareg, Kanuri and remains so with the Hausa language spoken as a lingua-franca by over 70 million speakers in the...

geographer, ethnographer, Catholic priest and hermit who lived among the Tuareg people in the Sahara in Algeria. He was assassinated in 1916. His inspiration...

its north. In this area, Koyra Chiini is the dominant language and the lingua franca, although minorities speaking Hassaniya Arabic, Tamasheq and Fulfulde...

West Africa who speak the various Songhai languages. Their history and lingua franca is linked to the Songhai Empire which dominated the western Sahel...

the Mediterranean Lingua Franca from which the widely applied term "lingua franca" is derived. In literal translation to English, lingua franca means "language...

Rimmayɓe, Dimaajo, and less often Ɓaleeɓe, the Fulani equivalent of the Tuareg Ikelan known as Bouzou (Buzu) or Bella in the Hausa and Songhay languages...

OVS Language". Lingua. 75 (4): 289–324. doi:10.1016/0024-3841(88)90008-3. Merlan, Francesca (1982). Mangarayi. North-Holland: Lingua Descriptive Studies...

Manel Filali in Germany and Kenza Farah in France. Tergui music is sung in Tuareg languages generally, Tinariwen had a worldwide success. Finally, the staïfi...

the Kanuri and Shuwa Arabs (in Chad, Sudan and northeastern Nigeria); the Tuareg (in Agadez, Maradi and Zinder); the Gur and Gonja (in northeastern Ghana...

(1997) instead suggests that the word is native Berber, on the basis of Tuareg tahargéBrugnatelli 1999, pp. 325–332 al-Idrisi, Abu Abdullah Muhammad al-Qurtubi...

gender, although there is a movement for gender reform in Esperanto.) Ido Lingua Franca Nova Lojban Toki Pona Creoles Haitian Creole Mauritian Creole Sango...

Tyro-Sidonian trade and commercial dominance led to Phoenician becoming a lingua franca of the maritime Mediterranean during the Iron Age. The Phoenician...

They speak the Manding languages in the Mande language family, which are a lingua franca in much of West Africa. Virtually all of Mandinka people are adherent...

"Verb-second, particles, and flexible verb-initial orders". Lingua. 120 (2): 303–314. doi:10.1016/j.lingua.2008.10.006. Dryer, Matthew S. (2000). "Word Order"...

language by native speakers, and is spoken by a large number of people as a lingua franca in Northern Nigeria. It may have as many as 80 to 100 million first...

the Tigre language. Tigre speakers formerly used Arabic more widely as a lingua franca. The Bible has been translated into the Tigre language. Ge'ez script...