A Molniya orbit (Russian: Молния, IPA: [ˈmolnʲɪjə] , "Lightning") is a type of satellite orbit designed to provide communications and remote sensing coverage...

to 2004. These satellites used highly eccentric elliptical orbits known as Molniya orbits, which have a long dwell time over high latitudes. They are...

Tundra orbit is a closed figure 8 with a smaller loop over either the northern or southern hemisphere. This differentiates them from Molniya orbits designed...

the horizon. Therefore, Molniya orbit satellites have been launched, mainly in Russia, to alleviate this problem. Molniya orbits can be an appealing alternative...

elliptical orbit (HEO) is an elliptic orbit with high eccentricity, usually referring to one around Earth. Examples of inclined HEO orbits include Molniya orbits...

The Molniya orbit has a high inclination of 63.4° and high eccentricity of 0.722 with a period of 12 hours, so a satellite spends most of its orbit above...

also follows an elliptic orbit. Examples of elliptic orbits include Hohmann transfer orbits, Molniya orbits, and tundra orbits. Under standard assumptions...

a single orbit, as in the geosynchronous and Molniya orbits discussed below. A satellite whose orbital period is an integer fraction of a day (e.g.,...

result in long dwell times near apogee. Molniya orbit A highly elliptical orbit with inclination of 63.4° and orbital period of ½ of a sidereal day (roughly...

100-minute orbit. List of orbits Molniya orbit Tundra orbit Vandenberg Air Force Base, a major United States launch location for polar orbits "ESA - Types...

(It also would not apply to an impractical GTO inclined at 63.4°; see Molniya orbit.) The preceding discussion has primarily focused on the case where the...

544.2 miles) if the orbit is circular. Molniya orbit: A semi-synchronous variation of a Tundra orbit. For Earth this means an orbital period of just under...

Molniya (Russian for lightning) may refer to: Molniya (satellite), a Soviet military communications satellite Molniya orbit Molniya (explosive trap),...

the orbital speed of an astronomical body or object (e.g. planet, moon, artificial satellite, spacecraft, or star) is the speed at which it orbits around...

List of orbits Molniya orbit Orbit determination Orbital spaceflight Perifocal coordinate system Polar orbit Radial trajectory Rosetta orbit VSOP model...

Medium Earth orbit Molniya orbit Subsynchronous orbit Supersynchronous orbit Synchronous orbit Howell, Elizabeth. "What Is a Geosynchronous Orbit?". Space...

alignment of sunlight on high-altitude clouds above North Dakota and the Molniya orbits of the satellites, an error later corrected by cross-referencing a geostationary...

Tundra orbit, QZSS orbit and Molniya orbit - equatorial view Spaceflight portal Multi-functional Satellite Augmentation System (MSAS) Inclined orbit Tundra...

were placed in a Molniya orbit between 1972 and 2010 and 7 US-KS satellites, of a very similar design, were placed in geostationary orbit between 1975 and...

orbits are typical for GPS satellites. Molniya orbit List of orbits Synchronous orbit NASA Technical Standard 8719.14 (draft) (Report). NASA Orbital Debris...

developed by Russia in the 2000s, placed in a Molniya Orbit, and intended to replace the two last series of Molniya satellites still in activity, as well as...

The Molniya (Russian: Молния, meaning "lightning"), GRAU Index 8K78, was a modification of the well-known R-7 Semyorka rocket and had four stages. The...

an orbit that makes tracking possible. Satellite debris that is in a Molniya orbit, such as the Kosmos Oko series, might be too high above the Northern...

rare alignment of sunlight on high-altitude clouds and the satellites' Molniya orbits, an error later corrected by cross-referencing a geostationary satellite...

each had their own designations. SDS satellites have a highly elliptical orbit, going from about 300 kilometers at perigee to roughly 39,000 km at apogee...

orbit Molniya orbit Nereid one of the outer moons of Neptune with a high orbital eccentricity of ~0.75 and is frequently perturbed Osculating orbit Orbit...

gravitational two-body problem, the specific orbital energy ε {\displaystyle \varepsilon } (or vis-viva energy) of two orbiting bodies is the constant sum of their...

it failed to achieve orbit due to a malfunction of the rocket which was carrying it. It was intended to operate in a Molniya orbit, from where it would...

launches, especially the Molniya orbits, so for much of the site's history it functioned as a secondary location, with most orbital launches taking place...

Earth orbits the Sun at an average distance of 149.60 million km (92.96 million mi), or 8.317 light-minutes, in a counterclockwise direction as viewed...