• The Open Constitution Initiative (OCI) (Chinese: 公盟; pinyin: gōngméng), sometimes referred to in English as Gongmeng, was an organization consisting of...
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  • Thumbnail for Xu Zhiyong
    and Telecommunications. He was one of the founders of the NGO Open Constitution Initiative and an active rights lawyer in China who campaigned against corruption...
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  • Thumbnail for Popular initiative
    United States Constitution vests "all legislative powers herein granted" to the Congress of the United States. Establishing a national initiative procedure...
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  • clear that it would rule such regulations unconstitutional. The Open Constitution Initiative was an organization consisting of lawyers and academics in the...
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  • Institute, Canada Order of the Crown of Italy, Italian order Open Constitution Initiative, advocacy group in China OCI NV, parent company of Orascom Construction...
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  • unrest and disrupting the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. The Open Constitution Initiative (OCI), operated by several Weiquan lawyers and intellectuals...
    56 KB (6,229 words) - 22:43, 17 October 2024
  • Thumbnail for Teng Biao
    University of Hong Kong. Teng is one of the founders of the Open Constitution Initiative in 2003. He is also one of the 25 leading figures on the Information...
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  • Thumbnail for Constitution
    A constitution is the aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organization or other...
    100 KB (11,036 words) - 15:53, 29 October 2024
  • Thumbnail for New Citizens' Movement
    loosely organized civil rights group "Citizens" (successor to the Open Constitution Initiative (Chinese: 公盟; pinyin: gōngméng)) with the New Citizens' Spirit:...
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  • Thumbnail for Direct democracy
    On any political level citizens can propose changes to the constitution (popular initiative) or ask for an optional referendum to be held on any law voted...
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  • Thumbnail for National Endowment for Democracy
    speech at the Palace of Westminster, President Ronald Reagan proposed an initiative, before the British Parliament, "to foster the infrastructure of democracy...
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  • Thumbnail for 2008 Tibetan unrest
    as schools, shops and restaurants reopened to the public. The Open Constitution Initiative (OCI), operated by several Weiquan lawyers and intellectuals...
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    lawyers typically frame their arguments by making appeals to China's constitution, arguing that abuses of human rights—sanctioned as they may be by the...
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  • Thumbnail for Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe
    The Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe (TCE; commonly referred to as the European Constitution or as the Constitutional Treaty) was an unratified...
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  • amendment to the Federal Constitution and submit it to a popular vote. The citizens behind the initiative, grouped together in an initiative committee, have 18...
    150 KB (18,361 words) - 11:33, 16 October 2024
  • not exist in 18th century America, when the Constitution was written.[citation needed] The National Initiative for Democracy believes direct citizen participation...
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  • The Preamble to the Constitution of India is based on the Objectives Resolution, which was moved in the Constituent Assembly by Jawaharlal Nehru on 13...
    17 KB (2,246 words) - 09:40, 22 November 2024
  • by which the Constitution can be amended: a Constituent assembly (Con-Ass), Constitutional Convention (Con-Con), or People's Initiative. All three methods...
    69 KB (7,423 words) - 14:40, 20 October 2024
  • Thumbnail for Constitution of the Irish Free State
    referendum and initiative would operate on the same franchise as the Dáil; this was universal suffrage beginning at the age of 21. The constitution provided...
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  • Thumbnail for Swiss Federal Constitution
    new article into the constitution. This mechanism is called federal popular initiative. Thus, partial revisions of the constitution could – from this time...
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  • Thumbnail for 1996 California Proposition 209
    Civil Rights Initiative or CCRI) is a California ballot proposition which, upon approval in November 1996, amended the state constitution to prohibit state...
    33 KB (3,092 words) - 08:13, 8 November 2024
  • Thumbnail for Gao Zhisheng
    (Voice_of_America) "Press Statement by Wife of Gao Zhisheng". Citizen Power Initiatives for China. 15 September 2014. Retrieved 13 September 2020. Geng He (耿和)...
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  • Thumbnail for 1996 California Proposition 218
    1996 California Proposition 218 (category Initiatives in the United States)
    first successful initiative constitutional amendment in California history to add more than one article to the California Constitution as well as to alter...
    183 KB (25,447 words) - 16:17, 2 September 2024
  • lifestyle. In 2005, Wang Gongquan became a research in Gongmeng (Open Constitution Initiative).[citation needed] In 2008, Wang initiated the "Equal Rights...
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  • the Tibet Autonomous Region Lop Nur Nuclear Weapons Test Base Open Constitution Initiative Penal system in China Protest and dissent in China Protests and...
    232 KB (23,572 words) - 06:07, 13 November 2024
  • Question 3, Top-Five Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative, a ballot initiative to amend the state constitution to change state and federal elections to use...
    107 KB (6,512 words) - 15:56, 21 November 2024
  • approaches: a People's Initiative, a Constituent Assembly, or a Constitutional Convention. The first attempt to amend the 1987 Constitution was under President...
    44 KB (4,290 words) - 08:36, 24 October 2024
  • Thumbnail for Article Five of the United States Constitution
    United States Constitution describes the procedure for altering the Constitution. Under Article Five, the process to alter the Constitution consists of...
    45 KB (4,980 words) - 22:49, 18 October 2024
  • Fundamental Rights in India enshrined in part III (Article 12–35) of the Constitution of India guarantee civil liberties such that all Indians can lead their...
    68 KB (8,342 words) - 05:51, 17 November 2024
  • Thumbnail for Constitution of the Republic of China
    terms in open elections (Article 28). Under Article 27, the National Assembly had the right to amend the Constitution, exercise initiatives and referendums...
    58 KB (6,244 words) - 03:06, 18 November 2024