In physics and fluid mechanics, a boundary layer is the thin layer of fluid in the immediate vicinity of a bounding surface formed by the fluid flowing...

thickness and shape of boundary layers formed by fluid flowing along a solid surface. The defining characteristic of boundary layer flow is that at the solid...

Boundary layer control refers to methods of controlling the behaviour of fluid flow boundary layers. It may be desirable to reduce flow separation on...

In meteorology, the planetary boundary layer (PBL), also known as the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) or peplosphere, is the lowest part of the atmosphere...

mechanics, a Blasius boundary layer (named after Paul Richard Heinrich Blasius) describes the steady two-dimensional laminar boundary layer that forms on a...

thermal boundary layer formed by a heated (or cooled) fluid moving along a heated (or cooled) wall. In many ways, the thermal boundary layer description...

Boundary layer suction is a boundary layer control technique in which an air pump is used to extract the boundary layer at the wing or the inlet of an...

flow separation or boundary layer separation is the detachment of a boundary layer from a surface into a wake. A boundary layer exists whenever there...

500–1,800 K hotter than the overlying mantle, creating a thermal boundary layer. The boundary is thought to harbor topography, much like Earth's surface, that...

The benthic boundary layer (BBL) is the layer of water directly above the sediment at the bottom of a body of water (river, lake, or sea, etc.). Through...

applies to any fluid flow, and is most often used in the context of boundary layers. In 1883 Osborne Reynolds demonstrated the transition to turbulent...

broader category known as powered lift, which also includes various boundary layer control systems, systems using directed prop wash, and circulation control...

Stokes second problem or sometimes referred to as Stokes boundary layer or Oscillating boundary layer is a problem of determining the flow created by an oscillating...

lithosphere–asthenosphere boundary (referred to as the LAB by geophysicists) represents a mechanical difference between layers in Earth's inner structure...

additional problems to aviation. Downbursts. When an outflow boundary forms due to a shallow layer of rain-cooled air spreading out near ground level from...

wing, the splitter plate diverts the boundary layer away from the engine intake. It is a form of boundary layer control. When a body, such as a wing or...

layers of the decidua basalis can then be described: Compact outer layer (stratum compactum) Intermediate layer (stratum spongiosum) Boundary layer adjacent...

velocities. A region where these forces change behavior is known as a boundary layer, such as the bounding surface in the interior of a pipe. A similar effect...

Vaughn Michel discovered that sedimentary layers found all over the world at the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary contain a concentration of iridium hundreds...

Falkner–Skan boundary layer (named after V. M. Falkner and Sylvia W. Skan) describes the steady two-dimensional laminar boundary layer that forms on...

boundary layer, called boundary-layer theory; while the flow outside the boundary layer could be treated using inviscid flow theory. Boundary-layer theory...

constant. For a streamlined body to achieve a low drag coefficient, the boundary layer around the body must remain attached to the surface of the body for...

instruments can be used to measure properties of the planetary boundary layer, including boundary layer height, aerosols and clouds. Satellite remote sensing of...

Wing fences, also known as boundary layer fences and potential fences are fixed aerodynamic devices attached to aircraft wings. Often seen on swept-wing...

The atmosphere of Earth is composed of a layer of gas mixture that surrounds the Earth's planetary surface (both lands and oceans), known collectively...

consideration of the geometric similarity of the momentum boundary layer and the thermal boundary layer, where it can be used to express a relationship between...

has focused on issues related to compressible flow, turbulence, and boundary layers and has become increasingly computational in nature. Modern aerodynamics...

transition layers in general, and specifically as boundary layers or interior layers depending on whether they occur at the domain boundary (as is the...

For example, in a fully developed turbulent channel flow or turbulent boundary layer, the streamwise momentum equation in the very near wall region reduces...

_{1}^{2}}}\,\!} (subscript one indicates that the boundary layer thickness is that of the transient boundary layer). Setting the two forces equal to each other...