This shape is referred to as a supercoil. (The noun form "supercoil" is often used when describing DNA topology.) The DNA of most organisms is usually negatively...

the introduction of negative supercoils into DNA and is the only type II enzyme to do this, all the others catalyze DNA relaxation. Type II enzymes are...

Biomolecular structure Crosslinking of DNA DNA nanotechnology DNA supercoil Gene structure Non-helical models of DNA structure Nucleic acid design Nucleic...

bonds between Z-DNA and the E3L binding protein. ADAR1 DNA supercoil E3L Mechanical properties of DNA Proteopedia Z-DNA Satellite DNA Z-DNA binding protein...

into some of the palindromes. Buoyant density centrifugation DNA profiling DNA supercoil Eukaryotic chromosome fine structure Gene expression Polymerase...

bacteria, whose single circular DNA is cut by DNA gyrase and the two ends are then twisted around each other to form supercoils. Gyrase is also found in eukaryotic...

(including DNA gyrase) achieve this by adding negative supercoils to the DNA helix. Bare single-stranded DNA tends to fold back on itself forming secondary structures;...

other. In DNA this property does not change and can only be modified by specialized enzymes called topoisomerases. DNA supercoil (superhelical DNA) Coiled...

numbers when considering DNA supercoils. In a paper published in 1976, Crick outlined the problem as follows: In considering supercoils formed by closed double-stranded...

supercoiled DNA, respectively. The handedness of the toroidal supercoils is opposite to those of plectonemes. Both plectonemes and toroidal supercoils can be...

solenoid structure by forming supercoils which have a diameter of around 700 nm. This supercoil is formed by regions of DNA called scaffold/matrix attachment...

Burnier, Yannis; Stasiak, Andrzej (2015). "Generation of supercoils in nicked and gapped DNA drives DNA unknotting and postreplicative decatenation". Nucleic...

the DNA polymerase. As helicase unwinds the double helix, topological changes induced by the rotational motion of the helicase lead to supercoil formation...

DNA (dsDNA) breaks and reseals them after managing torsion of DNA supercoils. Anthracyclines intercalated into DNA, form a stable anthracycline-DNA-topoisomerase...

topological fluid dynamics, DNA modeling and in material science. Bollobás–Riordan polynomial Knots and graphs Knot theory DNA supercoil Möbius strip Blaschke...

junctions can arise to relieve helical strain in symmetrical sequences in DNA supercoils. While four-arm junctions also appear in functional RNA molecules, such...

writhe number increases, introducing positive supercoils in the DNA. These supercoils would cause DNA replication to halt if they were not removed. Topoisomerases...

topoisomerases that cut both strands of the DNA helix simultaneously in order to manage DNA tangles and supercoils. They use the hydrolysis of ATP, unlike...

Sinden RR, Lyubchenko YL (July 1998). "Structure and dynamics of supercoil-stabilized DNA cruciforms". J. Mol. Biol. 280 (1): 61–72. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.555...

transcription and suppress pausing of Pol I. As Pol I proceeds along the rDNA, supercoils form both ahead of and behind the complex. These are unwound by topoisomerase...

Sinden RR, Lyubchenko YL (July 1998). "Structure and dynamics of supercoil-stabilized DNA cruciforms". Journal of Molecular Biology. 280 (1): 61–72. CiteSeerX 10...

positive supercoils that accumulate ahead of a translocating DNA polymerase, allowing DNA replication to continue unhindered by topological strain. DNA gyrases...

two or more alpha helices that are wound around each other to form a supercoil. Coiled coils contain 3- and 4-residue repeats whose hydrophobicity pattern...

cellular reproduction and DNA organization, as they mediate the cleavage of single and double stranded DNA to relax supercoils, untangle catenanes, and...

cell cycle cohesin SMC protein ATPase HEAT repeat Topoisomerase II DNA supercoil Hirano T (2016). "Condensin-based chromosome organization from bacteria...

supercoiled DNA, whereas eukaryotic topoisomerase I (topo IB) can introduce positive supercoils, separating the DNA of daughter chromosomes after DNA replication...

supercoils, therefore, DNA Gyrase and topoisomerase IV play an almost identical role in removing the positive supercoils ahead of a translocating DNA...

cell division; and first ever study of the dynamics DNA supercoils and the discovery of supercoil hopping 2013, controlled shaping of live bacterial cells...

introduces an effective positive supercoil. The associated strain in the nearby DNA leads to denaturation in the A:T-rich 'DUE' (DNA Unwinding Element) region...

unwinding and rewinding of DNA. Because regions of DNA in front of RNAP are unwound, there are compensatory positive supercoils. Regions behind RNAP are...