of the toponyms in the area owe their name to the river; for example, Villafalé (Villa Fértil a orillas del Río Astura), Vega del Esla, Mansilla del Esla...

at Cisneros, at Cordovilla, and at a place called Villafilal, probably Villafalé. Four of his vassals—Rodrigo Pérez Pedro Martínez, Diego Pérez Almadrán...