radiation detectors such as the Geiger-Müller counter or the ionization chamber. The ionization process is widely used in a variety of equipment in fundamental...
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electron, and e− is the removed electron. Ionization energy is positive for neutral atoms, meaning that the ionization is an endothermic process. Roughly speaking...
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Mass spectrometry (redirect from Soft ionization)
electrospray ionization (ESI) and Koichi Tanaka for the development of soft laser desorption (SLD) and their application to the ionization of biological...
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Look up ionizer or ioniser in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Ionizer or ioniser may refer to: Air ioniser, a device that uses high voltage to ionise...
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Ion (section Ionization potential)
with less net electric charge is called the ionization potential, or ionization energy. The nth ionization energy of an atom is the energy required to...
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molecules to fragment when ionized. ESI is different from other ionization processes (e.g. matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization, MALDI) since it may...
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nanometers). Roughly, this corresponds to both the first ionization energy of oxygen, and the ionization energy of hydrogen, both about 14 eV. In some Environmental...
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Electron ionization (EI, formerly known as electron impact ionization and electron bombardment ionization) is an ionization method in which energetic electrons...
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many types of ionizing radiation, including X-rays, gamma rays, alpha particles and beta particles. Conventionally, the term "ionization chamber" refers...
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Ion source (redirect from Atmospheric pressure ionization)
Electron ionization is widely used in mass spectrometry, particularly for organic molecules. The gas phase reaction producing electron ionization is M +...
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atomic ions. The first molar ionization energy applies to the neutral atoms. The second, third, etc., molar ionization energy applies to the further...
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In mass spectrometry, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) is an ionization technique that uses a laser energy-absorbing matrix to create...
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Chemical ionization (CI) is a soft ionization technique used in mass spectrometry. This was first introduced by Burnaby Munson and Frank H. Field in 1966...
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Smoke detector (redirect from Ionization smoke detector)
need for external wiring. Ionization smoke detectors are usually less expensive to manufacture than optical detectors. Ionization detectors may be more prone...
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The degree of ionization (also known as ionization yield in the literature) refers to the proportion of neutral particles, such as those in a gas or aqueous...
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which requires only a single particle to ionize. A familiar example of thermal ionization is the flame-ionization of a common fire, and the browning reactions...
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Double ionization is a process of formation of doubly charged ions when laser radiation is exerted on neutral atoms or molecules. Double ionization is usually...
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Penning ionization is a form of chemi-ionization, an ionization process involving reactions between neutral atoms or molecules. The Penning effect is...
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Plasma (physics) (redirect from Ionized gas)
temperatures are usually needed to sustain ionization, which is a defining feature of a plasma. The degree of plasma ionization is determined by the electron temperature...
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In physics, the Saha ionization equation is an expression that relates the ionization state of a gas in thermal equilibrium to the temperature and pressure...
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Radiation (section Ionizing radiation)
requires only single particles to cause ionization. A familiar example of thermal ionization is the flame-ionization of a common fire, and the browning reactions...
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manufacturers. The "hard ionization" process of electron ionization can be softened by the cooling of the molecules before their ionization, resulting in mass...
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process are ionized. Thermal ionization is used to make simple ion sources, for mass spectrometry and for generating ion beams. Thermal ionization has seen...
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Hot filament ionization gauge tubes U.S. Patent 4792763 - Hot cathode ionization pressure gauge U.S. Patent 5373240 - Hot-cathode ionization pressure gauge...
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port (J). Flame ionization detectors are used very widely in gas chromatography because of a number of advantages. Cost: Flame ionization detectors are...
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molecular, and optical physics, above-threshold ionization (ATI) is a multi-photon effect where an atom is ionized with more than the energetically required...
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approximately equal to their concentrations. Thus, the ionization constant, dissociation constant, self-ionization constant, water ion-product constant or ionic...
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column marked 1 is the first ionization energy to ionize the neutral atom, the column marked 2 is the second ionization energy to remove a second electron...
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Acid dissociation constant (redirect from Ionization constant)
an acid dissociation constant (also known as acidity constant, or acid-ionization constant; denoted K a {\displaystyle K_{a}} ) is a quantitative measure...
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needed] In the literature, the term "chemi-ionization" is used inconsistently. Berry broadly defined chemi-ionization as "processes that lead to the formation...
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