Prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE), theorized in the 1970s, occurs when a pregnant woman uses cocaine including crack cocaine and thereby exposes her fetus...

Control and Prevention. 29 May 2019. Mayes, Linda C. (1992). "Prenatal Cocaine Exposure and Young Children's Development". The Annals of the American...

to the fetus is now considered exaggerated. Studies show that prenatal cocaine exposure (independent of other effects such as, for example, alcohol, tobacco...

disorder (ARND), and neurobehavioral disorder associated with prenatal alcohol exposure (ND-PAE). Other terms used are fetal alcohol effects (FAE), partial...

status of cocaine List of cocaine analogues List of countries by prevalence of cocaine use Methylphenidate Modafinil Prenatal cocaine exposure Ypadu Nordegren...

performance after prenatal exposure. The pregnancy category level of cocaine is C, as described above. Prenatal exposure to cocaine has also been linked...

birth. Prenatal cocaine exposure is associated with premature birth, birth defects and attention deficit disorder. Prenatal methamphetamine exposure can...

and sudden infant death syndrome: possible primary consequence of prenatal exposure to cigarette smoking". Neural Development. 5: 17. doi:10.1186/1749-8104-5-17...

gestational age at birth) or the infant being small for gestational age (slow prenatal growth rate), or a combination of both. Small for gestational age is defined...

(March 2009). "Unintended pregnancy and associated maternal preconception, prenatal and postpartum behaviors". Contraception. 79 (3): 194–198. doi:10.1016/j...

sirenomelia, although a few sources question this association. Prenatal cocaine exposure has also been suggested as an association with sirenomelia. In...

game console developed by NEC and Hudson Soft Prenatal cocaine exposure, exposure of a fetus to cocaine when a pregnant woman uses the drug Eticyclidine...

Zeanah CH, Keener MA, Anders TF (August 1986). "Adolescent mothers' prenatal fantasies and working models of their infants". Psychiatry. 49 (3): 193–203...

Shankaran S, Lester B, LaGasse L, et al. (February 2007). "Impact of prenatal cocaine exposure on child behavior problems through school age". Pediatrics. 119...

prenatal development, which usually occur at specific gestational ages. Hence, the gestational timing of a fetal toxin exposure, fetal drug exposure or...

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neglect Closed adoption Cry room Infant ear piercing Open adoption Prenatal cocaine exposure Neonatal withdrawal syndrome Parental child abduction Parental...

neglect Closed adoption Cry room Infant ear piercing Open adoption Prenatal cocaine exposure Neonatal withdrawal syndrome Parental child abduction Parental...

birth defects are caused by prenatal exposure to a teratogenic agent. These exposures include medication or drug exposures, maternal infections and diseases...

Neonatal abstinence syndrome does not happen in prenatal cocaine exposure (with babies exposed to cocaine in utero) in the sense that such symptoms are...

"Growth, development, and behavior in early childhood following prenatal cocaine exposure: a systematic review". JAMA. 285 (12): 1613–1625. doi:10.1001/jama...

neglect Closed adoption Cry room Infant ear piercing Open adoption Prenatal cocaine exposure Neonatal withdrawal syndrome Parental child abduction Parental...

tan or dark skin discoloration. Melasma is thought to be caused by sun exposure, genetic predisposition, hormone changes, and skin irritation. Although...

neglect Closed adoption Cry room Infant ear piercing Open adoption Prenatal cocaine exposure Neonatal withdrawal syndrome Parental child abduction Parental...

the greatest risk period for adverse effects from environmental exposures is prenatally. Other studies have further found that the levels of most persistent...

neglect Closed adoption Cry room Infant ear piercing Open adoption Prenatal cocaine exposure Neonatal withdrawal syndrome Parental child abduction Parental...

neglect Closed adoption Cry room Infant ear piercing Open adoption Prenatal cocaine exposure Neonatal withdrawal syndrome Parental child abduction Parental...

includes situations not readily recognised directly as violence, such as exposure to harmful chemicals, but which nonetheless can inflict significant harm...

mothers during the prenatal and postnatal period is important for ensuring healthy birth weight and for healthy childhood growth. Prenatal causes of child...

preferences when being weaned and this is based on specific prenatal and postnatal exposure to various flavours. For example, kittens exposed to cheese...