see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. Final-obstruent devoicing or terminal devoicing is a systematic phonological process occurring in languages...

Frisian has final obstruent devoicing and so voiced obstruents are merged with the voiceless obstruents at the end of words. Thus, word-final /b, d, v,...

world. Final obstruent devoicing is the full devoicing of final obstruents that occurs for some AAVE speakers in Detroit where obstruents are devoiced at...

grammatical consequences – as well as the use of modal particles, final-obstruent devoicing, and (similar) word order. Dutch vocabulary is mostly Germanic;...

Characteristics not shared with either Old Saxon or Old High German Final obstruent devoicing. This later spread to the other Germanic dialects (as well as...

regional pronunciation differences. Catalan is characterized by final-obstruent devoicing, lenition, and voicing assimilation; a set of 7 to 8 phonemic...

Catalonia. It has merged with /b/ elsewhere. Voiced obstruents undergo final-obstruent devoicing: /b/ > [p], /d/ > [t], /ɡ/ > [k]. Voiced stops become...

Standard German, final-obstruent devoicing does not occur and so speakers are more likely to retain the original pronunciation of word-final lenes (although...

is sometimes mistaken as "Life Is Life": German phonology has final-obstruent devoicing, so that the word "live" sounds like "life". After having released...

orthography reflects final-obstruent devoicing, a form of consonant mutation whereby a voiced obstruent, such as /b d dʒ ɡ/, is devoiced to [p t tʃ k] at...

almost the same, an orthographic change), *-D-, *-j- > *-d-. Final-obstruent devoicing of *-b, *-d, and *-g to *-p, *-t, *-k, except in the case of *-D...

plosion, nasal plosion, partial devoicing of sonorants, complete devoicing of sonorants, partial devoicing of obstruents, lengthening and shortening vowels...

children. Slay is outspoken in his denial of exhibiting phonological final-obstruent devoicing, commonly found in African-American Vernacular English (AAVE)...

writes Србија/Srbija "Serbia" but српски/srpski "Serbian". The final-obstruent devoicing that occurs in many languages (such as German, Polish and Russian)...

case with the final-obstruent devoicing of German, Turkish, Russian, and other languages whose voiced obstruent consonants are devoiced pre-pausa and...

Nerven, nervös), naiv "naïve" (this word follows the rule of final obstruent devoicing, its forms and derivatives have /v/: Naive, Naivität), brav "brave"...

Midslands it is the only dialect of Dutch which does not feature final obstruent devoicing. Jansen, Mathilde, and Marc van Oostendorp, Taal van de Wadden...

realised as a [t] (closer to the Arabic ت) which follows Afrikaans Final-obstruent devoicing principles. Ahmad ibn Hanbal, (780–855) was an Arab Muslim jurist...

languages like French or Czech). Maltese has final-obstruent devoicing of voiced obstruents and word-final voiceless stops have no audible release, making...

perceived as nonstandard and instead realized as [ɪɡ̊] or [ɪk] (final obstruent devoicing) even by speakers from dialect areas that pronounce the digraph...

apgabals [ˈabɡabals] or labs [ˈlaps]. Latvian does not feature final-obstruent devoicing. Consonants can be long (written as double consonants) mamma [ˈmamːa]...

"party, feast"), tchestea (Fr. château "castle"), and so on. Final obstruent devoicing: rodje "red" is pronounced exactly as rotche "rock". Nasal vowels...

of word-final /z/. Only Old High German preserves it at all (as /r/) and only in single-syllable words. Following the later loss of word-final /a/ and...

inflected forms. Similar considerations apply to languages with final obstruent devoicing, in which the isolation form undergoes loss of voicing contrast...

terms, follow the links on the headings. Notes: All obstruents underwent final-obstruent devoicing as in Old and Modern Dutch. During the first part of...

One very common example of a surface filter is final-obstruent devoicing in which a voiced obstruent at the end of a word is automatically converted...

The second element corresponds to Middle High German wîc, with final-obstruent devoicing, as in Ludewic. The Middle Dutch form is wijch (modern Dutch wijg;...

The Kerkrade dialect features final-obstruent devoicing, which means that the underlying /b, d, ɡ, v, z, ʒ, ɣ/ are devoiced to [p, t, k, f, s, ʃ, χ ~ ç]...

amics [elz‿aˈmiks] ('the friends'). Voiced obstruents undergo final-obstruent devoicing so that fred ('cold', m. s.) is pronounced with [t] (or [d̥])...

may be a glottal stop at the end of words like back and out. Final-obstruent devoicing: Word-finally, the distinction between voiced and voiceless sounds...