The Papal States (/ˈpeɪpəl/ PAY-pəl; Italian: Stato Pontificio; Latin: Dicio Pontificia), officially the State of the Church (Italian: Stato della Chiesa...

nineteenth century, the papacy held direct temporal power in the Papal States, and many titles of papal nobility were derived from fiefs with territorial privileges...

This is a list of people executed in the Papal States under the government of the Popes or during the 1810–1819 decade of French rule. Although capital...

sovereign of the Papal States) was the Quirinal Palace, which is now the official residence of the president of the Italian Republic. The papal apartments are...

The papal tiara is a crown that is worn by popes of the Catholic Church from as early as the 8th century to the mid–20th century. It was last used by...

of the Papal States from 1503 to his death, in February 1513. Nicknamed the Warrior Pope, Battle Pope or the Fearsome Pope, he chose his papal name not...

The Papal Zouaves (Italian: Zuavi Pontifici) were an infantry battalion, later regiment, dedicated to defending the Papal States. Named after the French...

1765 – 1 June 1846) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 2 February 1831 to his death in June 1846. He had adopted the name...

and spiritual independence of the papacy. As such, papal nuncios, who are papal diplomats to states and international organizations, are recognized as...

First Vatican Council in 1868 and for permanently losing control of the Papal States in 1870 to the Kingdom of Italy. Thereafter, he refused to leave Vatican...

in part by the Papal States, which ran through the middle of the peninsula and included the ancient capital of Rome. The Papal States were able to fend...

numerous states. Many of these states consolidated into major political units that balanced the power on the Italian Peninsula: the Papal States, the Venetian...

pontiff. Since the eighth century, the pope has been the sovereign of the Papal States and later the Vatican City State. The current pope is Francis, who was...

consolidated its territorial claims to a portion of the peninsula known as the Papal States. Thereafter, the role of neighboring sovereigns was replaced by powerful...

spiritual and pastoral activity, while the pope ruled the Papal States in central Italy. The Papal States ceased to exist following the capture of Rome in 1870...

Italy entered Rome on 20 September 1870, overthrew the Pope and the Papal States, and took over the Quirinal Palace, and any nobles subsequently ennobled...

Each title has been added by unique historical events and unlike other papal prerogatives, is not incapable of modification. Hermannus Contractus may...

arms of Vatican City (a papal tiara and the crossed keys of Saint Peter). It was modeled after the 1808 flag of the Papal States, a yellow-and-white bicolour...

participants of the war, who fought for its entire duration, were France, the Papal States, and the Republic of Venice; they were joined at various times by nearly...

Papal regalia and insignia are the official items of attire and decoration proper to the Pope in his capacity as the visible head of the Catholic Church...

Between the Congress of Vienna (1815) and the capture of Rome (1870), the Papal State was subdivided geographically into 17 apostolic delegations (delegazioni...

the Papal States from 16 December 955 to his death in 964. He was related to the counts of Tusculum, a powerful Roman family which had dominated papal politics...

Roman Catholic Church and sovereign of the Papal States from 754 to 1870 and of Vatican City since 1929), a papal abdication involves both the spiritual and...

during the medieval era, such as France, Spain, Sicily, Naples, and the Papal States. In France, several duchies existed in the medieval period, including...

Relations between the Papal States and the United States date back to the American Revolution when the first official contact between both countries occurred...

emperor-tier ruler such as the Holy Roman Emperor may declare war on the Papal States to install their antipope as the "true" pope, thereby vassalizing the...

1861, central Italy was divided into two states, the Papal States and the Grand Duchy of Tuscany. The Papal States, officially the State of the Church, were...

10 February 1829), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 28 September 1823 to his death in February 1829. Leo XII was in...

which spoke of it as a new creation, not as a vestige of the much larger Papal States (756–1870), which had previously encompassed much of Central Italy. Vatican...

Pope Formosus (c. 816 – 896) was the bishop of Rome and ruler of the Papal States from 6 October 891 until his death on 4 April 896. His reign as pope...