translation). Ribosomes link amino acids together in the order specified by the codons of messenger RNA molecules to form polypeptide chains. Ribosomes consist...
65 KB (7,286 words) - 23:28, 9 October 2024
Ribosomes are a large and complex molecular machine that catalyzes the synthesis of proteins, referred to as translation. The ribosome selects aminoacylated...
40 KB (3,977 words) - 01:19, 21 April 2024
proteins called ribosomes. The entire process is called gene expression. In translation, messenger RNA (mRNA) is decoded in a ribosome, outside the nucleus...
35 KB (4,019 words) - 07:48, 17 September 2024
Ribosome profiling, or Ribo-Seq (also named ribosome footprinting), is an adaptation of a technique developed by Joan Steitz and Marilyn Kozak almost 50...
12 KB (1,346 words) - 16:57, 20 April 2024
Ribosome biogenesis is the process of making ribosomes. In prokaryotes, this process takes place in the cytoplasm with the transcription of many ribosome...
17 KB (2,271 words) - 01:56, 3 December 2023
A ribosome binding site, or ribosomal binding site (RBS), is a sequence of nucleotides upstream of the start codon of an mRNA transcript that is responsible...
12 KB (1,336 words) - 13:08, 20 June 2024
the mRNA is read by ribosomes which use the nucleotide sequence of the mRNA to determine the sequence of amino acids. The ribosomes catalyze the formation...
40 KB (4,342 words) - 18:58, 2 April 2024
The mitochondrial ribosome, or mitoribosome, is a protein complex that is active in mitochondria and functions as a riboprotein for translating mitochondrial...
11 KB (1,078 words) - 01:47, 2 September 2024
Ribosomal pause (redirect from Stalled ribosome)
Ribosomal pause refers to the queueing or stacking of ribosomes during translation of the nucleotide sequence of mRNA transcripts. These transcripts are...
15 KB (1,839 words) - 20:02, 17 August 2024
Bacterial translation (redirect from MRNA-ribosome)
initiation complex. Variations in the mechanism can be anticipated. The ribosome has three active sites: the A site, the P site, and the E site. The A site...
23 KB (2,920 words) - 13:41, 15 October 2024
the primary component of ribosomes, essential to all cells. rRNA is a ribozyme which carries out protein synthesis in ribosomes. Ribosomal RNA is transcribed...
60 KB (7,195 words) - 13:36, 12 September 2024
Ribosome shunting is a mechanism of translation initiation in which ribosomes bypass, or "shunt over", parts of the 5' untranslated region to reach the...
10 KB (1,301 words) - 17:09, 3 September 2023
Nucleolus (section Function and ribosome assembly)
eukaryotic cells. It is best known as the site of ribosome biogenesis, which is the synthesis of ribosomes. The nucleolus also participates in the formation...
19 KB (2,108 words) - 14:35, 26 July 2024
Ribosome recycling factor or ribosome release factor (RRF) is a protein found in bacterial cells as well as eukaryotic organelles, specifically mitochondria...
6 KB (774 words) - 01:04, 18 October 2024
An internal ribosome entry site, abbreviated IRES, is an RNA element that allows for translation initiation in a cap-independent manner, as part of the...
19 KB (1,775 words) - 04:06, 27 May 2024
RNA that corresponds to the genetic sequence of a gene, and is read by a ribosome in the process of synthesizing a protein. mRNA is created during the process...
50 KB (6,021 words) - 19:21, 15 October 2024
Ribosome display is a technique used to perform in vitro protein evolution to create proteins that can bind to a desired ligand. The process results in...
7 KB (966 words) - 13:48, 6 December 2023
Chloroplast (redirect from Chloroplast ribosomes)
promoters within the chloroplast genome. The ribosomes in chloroplasts are similar to bacterial ribosomes. Because so many chloroplast genes have been...
196 KB (19,050 words) - 10:45, 17 October 2024
studded with ribosomes that are the sites of protein synthesis. The RER is especially prominent in cells such as hepatocytes. The SER lacks ribosomes and functions...
34 KB (3,710 words) - 22:16, 7 October 2024
Hibernation factor (section Ribosome hibernation)
to the ribosome and halt protein production, which consumes a large fraction of the energy in a cell. Ribosome hibernation occurs when ribosome hibernation...
9 KB (978 words) - 01:15, 3 August 2024
and the ribosome, which catalyzes translation. Coupling involves both direct physical interactions between RNA polymerase and the ribosome ("expressome"...
20 KB (2,238 words) - 11:30, 22 February 2024
EF-G (section EF-G on the ribosome)
(translocation) of transfer RNA (tRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) through the ribosome. Encoded by the fusA gene on the str operon, EF-G is made up of 704 amino...
20 KB (2,378 words) - 14:36, 18 April 2024
5S ribosomal RNA (section Location within the ribosome)
large subunit of the ribosome in all domains of life (bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes), with the exception of mitochondrial ribosomes of fungi and animals...
21 KB (2,315 words) - 19:31, 14 July 2024
Steitz and Ada Yonath for research on the structure and function of ribosomes. Since 1999, he has worked as a group leader at the Medical Research Council...
33 KB (2,734 words) - 23:45, 9 October 2024
Ribosomal translocation (redirect from Ribosome translocation)
Ribosomal translocation takes place in the elongation of a protein in: Eukaryotic translation § Elongation Bacterial translation § Elongation Archaeal...
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site for tRNA in the ribosome. The other two sites are the A-site (aminoacyl), which is the first binding site in the ribosome, and the E-site (exit)...
11 KB (1,528 words) - 01:20, 21 April 2024
Ribosomal frameshift (redirect from Ribosome frameshifting)
and instead appears to function by pausing the ribosome at a sequence encoding a rare amino acid. Ribosomes do not translate proteins at a steady rate, regardless...
27 KB (2,642 words) - 03:35, 14 August 2024
Prokaryotic large ribosomal subunit (redirect from 50S ribosome)
50S is the larger subunit of the 70S ribosome of prokaryotes, i.e. bacteria and archaea. It is the site of inhibition for antibiotics such as macrolides...
13 KB (1,476 words) - 01:19, 21 April 2024
Transfer RNA (section Binding to ribosome)
amino acids to be combined by the protein-synthesizing machinery, the ribosome. Each three-nucleotide codon in mRNA is complemented by a three-nucleotide...
63 KB (7,572 words) - 16:45, 31 August 2024
synthesis of proteins on ribosomes. This process uses transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules to deliver amino acids to the ribosome, where ribosomal RNA (rRNA)...
65 KB (7,609 words) - 04:25, 14 October 2024