The motherhood penalty refers to the economic disadvantages women face in the workplace as a result of becoming mothers. This sociological concept highlights...

legal, social and economic factors. These include having children (motherhood penalty vs. fatherhood bonus), parental leave, gender discrimination and gender...

also help lower the impact of children on career advancement, or the motherhood penalty. There currently exists a "family gap" between the pay of mothers...

father as being able to provide as the sole earner in a family. The motherhood penalty or "mommy tax", is one that hurts women's financial opportunities...

choices explain the motherhood penalty. The maternal wall is regarded as a self-imposed barrier, where women expecting motherhood self-select into occupations...

gender pay gap are debated, but popular explanations include the "motherhood penalty," hours worked, occupation chosen, willingness to negotiate salary...

Matriarch Matricide Matrilocal residence Mother goddess Mother insult Motherhood penalty Mother's Day Mothers' rights Nuclear family Oedipus complex Othermother...

promotion will be less than their male or childfree counterparts—the "motherhood penalty". Women may seek out employment sectors that are "family-friendly"...

from 12% in 1958 to 21% in 2016. Motherhood penalty Yu, Wei-hsin; Hara, Yuko (1 February 2021). "Motherhood Penalties and Fatherhood Premiums: Effects...

2016. Retrieved June 22, 2016. Safia Samee Ali (April 11, 2016). "'Motherhood Penalty' Can Affect Women Who Never Even Have a Child". NBC News. Archived...

they authored Getting a Job: Is There a Motherhood Penalty? and Cognitive Bias and the Motherhood Penalty. They surveyed paid undergraduate student-volunteers...

are the individuals creating and reforming workplace policies. The motherhood penalty is a term sociologists use when arguing that in the workplace working...

Shelley; Benard, Stephen; Paik, In (2007). "Getting a job: Is there a motherhood penalty?". American Journal of Sociology. 112 (5): 1297–1338. CiteSeerX 10...

transitioning. She has also spoken extensively on the impact of the motherhood penalty on women of color. Harts at the age of 11, moved from California to...

Getting a Job: Is There a Motherhood Penalty? Gender Action Portal,http://gap.hks.harvard.edu/getting-job-there-motherhood-penalty "As a boss, maternity leave...

inequality in China Gender inequality in India Income inequality metrics Motherhood penalty Productivity-pay gap Wage theft This disambiguation page lists articles...

than men, and so contribute to the gender pay gap as well as the motherhood penalty, compared to countries that have equal paid parental leave for parents...

motherhood penalty has been increasing, in part, due to the increased parity of pay for men and women. In 1991, it was estimated that the motherhood gap...

J.; Benard, Stephen; Paik, In (2007). "Getting a Job: Is There a Motherhood Penalty?" (PDF). American Journal of Sociology. 112 (5): 1297–1338. doi:10...

workplace Rosie the Riveter Employment discrimination Occupational sexism Motherhood penalty Women's empowerment Below is a sample of encyclopedia articles that...

76(2):446-63. Killewald, Alexandra and Jonathan Bearak. 2014. "Is the Motherhood Penalty Larger for Low-Wage Women? A Comment on Quantile Regression." American...

actions required for unity and safety and respect of women, the motherhood penalty, as well as issues that will improve the lives of women in Australia...

average, leading to a reduction in earnings. This is identified as the motherhood penalty, and links to increase in pay for fathers, which is known as the fatherhood...

certain unfair patterns develop and they are made aware of them. Motherhood penalty Occupational segregation Queen bee syndrome Gender bias in medical...

J.; Benard, Stephen; Paik, In (2007). "Getting a Job: Is There a Motherhood Penalty?". American Journal of Sociology. 112 (2): 1297–1338. CiteSeerX 10...

Harris County, asked for the death penalty. Yates was convicted of capital murder, but the jury refused the death penalty option. She was sentenced to life...

everything from the legal recognition of same-sex marriage to the death penalty for homosexuality. Notably, as of May 2024[update], 37 countries recognize...

on pornography and promoting policies that encourage 'marriage, work, motherhood, fatherhood, and nuclear families.' Cohn, Jennifer (March 7, 2024). "Shocking...

UK face one of the worst motherhood penalties among Western countries: "[mothers] find significant motherhood wage penalties in several Continental Northern...

activity between two individuals of the same-sex is punishable with the death penalty.: 15  In 2011, the United Nations Human Rights Council passed an LGBT rights...