Protopolybia exigua is a species of vespid wasp found in South America and Southern Brazil. These neotropical wasps, of the tribe Epiponini, form large...

non-relatives offers more benefit than cost to the group. Many wasps, like Protopolybia exigua and Belonogaster petiolata, exhibit foraging behavior where adults...

Dolichovespula media and D. sylvestris prefer to nest in trees and shrubs; Protopolybia exigua attaches its nests on the underside of leaves and branches; Polistes...

Parachartergus apicalis Parachartergus colobopterus Polybia sericea Protopolybia exigua Synoeca cyanea Brachygastra mellifica Noll, Fernando B.; da Silva...