• Thumbnail for Quantum electrodynamics
    In particle physics, quantum electrodynamics (QED) is the relativistic quantum field theory of electrodynamics. In essence, it describes how light and...
    50 KB (6,563 words) - 22:50, 1 December 2024
  • Cavity quantum electrodynamics (cavity QED) is the study of the interaction between light confined in a reflective cavity and atoms or other particles...
    4 KB (544 words) - 05:43, 11 October 2023
  • Circuit quantum electrodynamics (circuit QED) provides a means of studying the fundamental interaction between light and matter (quantum optics). As in...
    11 KB (1,553 words) - 09:05, 28 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Quantum vacuum state
    that pop into and out of the quantum field. The QED vacuum of quantum electrodynamics (or QED) was the first vacuum of quantum field theory to be developed...
    25 KB (2,747 words) - 20:05, 20 September 2024
  • Thumbnail for Quantum field theory
    between light and electrons, culminating in the first quantum field theory—quantum electrodynamics. A major theoretical obstacle soon followed with the...
    106 KB (14,793 words) - 17:15, 14 December 2024
  • Thumbnail for Julian Schwinger
    Julian Schwinger (category American quantum physicists)
    American theoretical physicist. He is best known for his work on quantum electrodynamics (QED), in particular for developing a relativistically invariant...
    24 KB (2,981 words) - 22:42, 29 October 2024
  • Thumbnail for Richard Feynman
    Richard Feynman (category Quantum computing)
    for his work in the path integral formulation of quantum mechanics, the theory of quantum electrodynamics, the physics of the superfluidity of supercooled...
    127 KB (14,573 words) - 07:25, 15 December 2024
  • the electromagnetic zero-point field (ZPF) of quantum electrodynamics (QED). Stochastic electrodynamics combines two conventional classical ideas – electromagnetism...
    12 KB (1,417 words) - 01:04, 3 December 2024
  • that became quantum electrodynamics. Over the following decades this work evolved into quantum field theory, the basis for modern quantum optics and particle...
    66 KB (7,489 words) - 10:37, 5 December 2024
  • Thumbnail for History of quantum field theory
    the 1940s and 1950s, leading to the introduction of renormalized quantum electrodynamics (QED). The field theory behind QED was so accurate and successful...
    45 KB (5,644 words) - 02:34, 8 June 2024
  • Thumbnail for Zero-point energy
    Introductory Quantum Electrodynamics. London: Longmans. LCCN 65020006. OCLC 490279969. Reed, D. (1995). "Foundational Electrodynamics and Beltrami Vector...
    209 KB (26,941 words) - 14:00, 28 October 2024
  • Thumbnail for Gauge theory
    symmetries appeared first in the relativistic quantum mechanics of electrons – quantum electrodynamics, elaborated on below. Today, gauge theories are...
    47 KB (6,772 words) - 13:49, 17 December 2024
  • Thumbnail for Renormalization
    Renormalization (category Quantum field theory)
    areas of quantum field theory that require deeper derivation from theoretical bases. Renormalization was first developed in quantum electrodynamics (QED)...
    57 KB (7,750 words) - 10:48, 24 September 2024
  • Thumbnail for Quantum mechanics
    complete quantum field theory, quantum electrodynamics, provides a fully quantum description of the electromagnetic interaction. Quantum electrodynamics is...
    99 KB (12,087 words) - 23:57, 15 December 2024
  • Thumbnail for Magnetic field
    that classical electrodynamics is already consistent with special relativity, and extended classical electrodynamics to work with quantum mechanics. Albert...
    104 KB (12,968 words) - 21:53, 15 December 2024
  • Thumbnail for Classical electromagnetism
    described by quantum electrodynamics which is a quantum field theory. Fundamental physical aspects of classical electrodynamics are presented in many...
    12 KB (1,839 words) - 19:33, 1 August 2024
  • Thumbnail for Quantum chromodynamics
    the theory, just as photons are for the electromagnetic force in quantum electrodynamics. The theory is an important part of the Standard Model of particle...
    45 KB (5,911 words) - 14:34, 3 December 2024
  • broader physics of quantum mechanics. Quantization of energy and its influence on how energy and matter interact (quantum electrodynamics) is part of the...
    11 KB (1,153 words) - 13:45, 14 November 2024
  • Photon (redirect from Photon Quantum)
    rest of his life, and was solved in quantum electrodynamics and its successor, the Standard Model. (See § Quantum field theory and § As a gauge boson...
    107 KB (11,712 words) - 19:41, 19 December 2024
  • Matter is an adaptation for the general reader of four lectures on quantum electrodynamics (QED) published in 1985 by American physicist and Nobel laureate...
    7 KB (888 words) - 11:02, 30 November 2024
  • Thumbnail for Beta function (physics)
    computed in perturbation theory: The one-loop beta function in quantum electrodynamics (QED) is β ( e ) = e 3 12 π 2   , {\displaystyle \beta (e)={\frac...
    11 KB (1,628 words) - 10:14, 25 September 2024
  • relativistic quantum theory work lead him to explore quantum theories of radiation, culminating in quantum electrodynamics, the first quantum field theory...
    78 KB (9,558 words) - 16:08, 6 October 2024
  • Thumbnail for Shin'ichirō Tomonaga
    Shin'ichirō Tomonaga (category Quantum physicists)
    English, was a Japanese physicist, influential in the development of quantum electrodynamics, work for which he was jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics...
    11 KB (1,017 words) - 07:07, 13 September 2024
  • Thumbnail for Yang–Mills theory
    matched the conservation of electric charge.: 198  As the theory of quantum electrodynamics developed in the 1930's and 1940's the U ( 1 ) {\displaystyle U(1)}...
    28 KB (4,225 words) - 21:50, 4 November 2024
  • Thumbnail for Fine-structure constant
    of its definitions, the theory of quantum electrodynamics (QED) provides a way to measure α directly using the quantum Hall effect or the anomalous magnetic...
    63 KB (7,096 words) - 17:58, 19 December 2024
  • Thumbnail for Electromagnetic radiation
    electromagnetic interactions. Quantum electrodynamics is the theory of how EMR interacts with matter on an atomic level. Quantum effects provide additional...
    82 KB (9,691 words) - 20:41, 16 December 2024
  • Thumbnail for Electromagnetic tensor
    Problems in Classical Electrodynamics. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-514665-4. Jackson, John D. (1999). Classical Electrodynamics. John Wiley & Sons...
    16 KB (2,770 words) - 01:56, 4 December 2024
  • Thumbnail for Schwinger limit
    In quantum electrodynamics (QED), the Schwinger limit is a scale above which the electromagnetic field is expected to become nonlinear. The limit was...
    10 KB (1,379 words) - 22:32, 10 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Paul Dirac
    Paul Dirac (category British quantum physicists)
    to be one of the founders of quantum mechanics. Dirac laid the foundations for both quantum electrodynamics and quantum field theory. He was the Lucasian...
    90 KB (9,883 words) - 23:41, 19 December 2024
  • Thumbnail for Maxwell's equations
    but are instead a classical limit of the more precise theory of quantum electrodynamics. Gauss's law describes the relationship between an electric field...
    75 KB (7,916 words) - 15:04, 13 December 2024