Jiaochao (simplified Chinese: 交钞; traditional Chinese: 交鈔; pinyin: jiāochāo) is a Chinese word for banknote first used for the currency of the Jurchen-led...

the Zhongtong Jiaochao (中統交鈔) was issued whose value was based on the fabric silk. In the year 1271 the Zhiyuan Baochao (至元寶鈔) was issued which was supplemented...

A cash seal (simplified Chinese: 宝钞印; traditional Chinese: 寳鈔印; pinyin: Baochao Yin; "Baochao" means "valuable money", "Yin" means "seal") is a type of...

Jiaochao (中統交鈔) was issued whose value was based on the fabric silk. Under the reign of Külüg Khan in the year 1308 the Zhiyuan Baochao (至元寶鈔) was issued...

Banfen (支鈔半分) could be translated as "Exchange for paper money half a fen [of silver]". The inscription could alternatively read Jiaochao Banfen (交鈔半分)....

Jiaochao (中統交鈔) was issued whose value was based on the fabric silk. Under the reign of Külüg Khan in the year 1308 the Zhiyuan Baochao (至元寶鈔) was issued...

dynasty coinage). Although the Jin dynasty had started issuing paper Jiaochao (交鈔) in 1154, they didn't produce coins until the year 1158, prior to that coins...

了 亇 予 争 亊 事 二 亍 于 亏 U+4E9x 亐 云 互 亓 五 井 亖 亗 亘 亙 亚 些 亜 亝 亞 亟 U+4EAx 亠 亡 亢 亣 交 亥 亦 产 亨 亩 亪 享 京 亭 亮 亯 U+4EBx 亰 亱 亲 亳 亴 亵 亶 亷 亸 亹 人 亻 亼 亽 亾 亿 U+4ECx 什 仁 仂...

宜輕自出軍；如或不捷，損名非小。」布不從。霸畏布鈔暴，果登城拒守。布不能拔，引還下邳。霸後復與布和。) Yingxiong Ji annotation in Sanguozhi vol. 7. (英雄記曰：建安三年春，布使人齎金欲詣河內買馬，為備兵所鈔。布由是遣中郎將高順、北地太守張遼等攻備。九月，...

... 後謝病免，復公車徵為司徒長史，拜將作大匠。) Houhanshu vol. 51. (桓帝末，鮮卑、南匈奴及高句驪嗣子伯固並畔，為寇鈔，四府舉玄為度遼將軍，假黃鉞。玄至鎮，休兵養士，然後督諸將守討擊胡虜及伯固等，皆破散退走。在職三年，邊境安靜。) Houhanshu vol. 51...

鍔 鋛 鐰 鋗 銱 鉵 錪 錮 鉙 銦 鉠 鉂 鍋 鐹 鎠 鐸 鐶 鐲 鑼 䥯 𨭆 銅 鈉 鋼 龬 鏷 鑆 鎧 錌 鍴 銟 鏰 鎽 鏙 鑴 釗 鈔 釙 銧 鎖 銷 鋿 鏜 鏿 鑜 鐺 钂 鏛 鐣 鎲 錄 鏆 鉧 鏘 鈯 鉯 釓 錔 釥 鎎 鈝 鉎 銖 鉃 鉄 釳 鉇 釺 鈓 鈼 鋌 鋯 錘 鑽...

"是時董卓遷天子都長安，卓因留洛陽。朗父防為治書御史，當徙西，以四方雲擾，乃遣朗將家屬還本縣。 ...後數月，關東諸州郡起兵，衆數十萬，皆集熒陽及河內。諸將不能相一，縱兵鈔略，民人死者且半。久之，關東兵散，太祖與呂布相持於濮陽，朗乃將家還溫。" de Crespigny 2010, p. 246 notes: "Under...

annotation in Sanguozhi vol. 32. (《魏書》曰：劉平結客刺備，備不知而待客甚厚，客以狀語之而去。是時人民饑饉，屯聚鈔暴。備外禦寇難，內豐財施，士之下者，必與同席而坐，同簋而食，無所簡擇。眾多歸焉。) Wei Shu annotation in Sanguozhi vol...

背叛固宜也。備新將紹兵，未能得其用，擊之可破也。」太祖善其言，遂使將騎擊備，破走之，仁盡復收諸叛縣而還。紹遣別將韓荀鈔斷西道，仁擊荀於雞洛山，大破之。由是紹不敢復分兵出。復與史渙等鈔紹運車，燒其糧穀。) Sanguozhi vol. 9. (河北旣定，從圍壺關。太祖令曰：「城拔，皆坑之。」連月不下...

as a part of its inscription was the Nguyễn dynasty-era Tự Đức Bảo Sao (嗣德寶鈔) 1 quán cash coin (準當一貫, chuẩn đang nhất quán), which was worth 600 văn (or...

vol. 58. (權用納焉。) Sanguozhi vol. 58. (嘉禾五年，權北征，使遜與諸葛瑾攻襄陽。遜遣親人韓扁齎表奉報，還，遇敵於沔中，鈔邏得扁。瑾聞之甚懼，書與遜云：「大駕已旋，賊得韓扁，具知吾闊狹。且水乾，宜當急去。」遜未荅，方催人種葑豆，與諸將弈棊射戲如常。瑾曰：「伯言多智略，其...

Cambridge University Press, 2008). Page: 15. 1988年版《簡明古錢辭典》解釋「花穿。古錢燒鑄中穿孔錯位不成正方形謂之『交花穿』。」(in Mandarin Chinese). 1989年版《中國錢幣實用知識圖說》「花穿，系指錢之內席重印，其穿孔不是正規方形者。花穿是因...

vol. 75(2). (賈詡註《吳子兵法》一卷吳起 ... 《吳孫子三十二壘經》一卷) Xin Tang Shu vol. 59. (《鈔孫子兵法》一卷魏太尉賈詡鈔。) Sui Shu vol. 34. Chen, Shou (3rd century). Records of the Three Kingdoms...

Retrieved on 10 November 2008. Guy 1987, p. 32 Schmidt 2003, p. 379 《清稗類鈔·卷二十六•第六十六》：世宗嘗微服游於市，就一書肆翻閱書籍，時微風拂拂，吹書頁上下不已。一書生見狀，即高吟曰：「清風不識字，何必來翻書？」世宗以為譏諷也，旋下詔殺之。...

coins was banned by Hồ Quý Ly in 1396 in favour of the Thông Bảo Hội Sao (通寶會鈔) banknote series and ordered people to exchange their coinage for these banknotes...

brass, but also revived paper money in the shape of the Xianfeng baochao (咸豐寶鈔). Quite important for the war effort is the fact that the imperial Qing government...

(明年使於譙，太祖問濟曰：「昔孤與袁本初對官渡，徙燕、白馬民，民不得走，賊亦不敢鈔。今欲徙淮南民，何如？」) Sanguozhi vol. 14. (濟對曰：「是時兵弱賊彊，不徙必失之。自破袁紹，北拔柳城，南向江、漢，荊州交臂，威震天下，民無他志。然百姓懷土，實不樂徙，懼必不安。」) Sanguozhi...

vol. 52. (黃武元年，遷左將軍，督公安，假節，封宛陵侯。) Sanguozhi vol. 52. (遜遣親人韓扁齎表奉報，還，遇敵於沔中，鈔邏得扁。瑾聞之甚懼，書與遜云：「大駕已旋，賊得韓扁，具知吾闊狹。且水乾，宜當急去。」遜未荅，方催人種葑豆，與諸將弈棊射戲如常。瑾曰：「伯言多智略，其...

Chunqiu annotation in Sanguozhi vol. 4. ([嘉平五年]八月，詔曰：「故中郎西平郭脩，砥節厲行，秉心不回。乃者蜀將姜維寇鈔脩郡，為所執略。往歲偽大將軍費禕驅率羣衆，陰圖闚𨵦，道經漢壽，請會衆賔，脩於廣坐之中手刃擊禕，勇過聶政，功逾介子，可謂殺身成仁，釋生取義者矣。夫追...

(1084), vol. 71. (黃武元年，魏以舟軍大出洞口，權使呂範督諸將拒之，軍營相望。) Sanguozhi vol. 60. (敵數以輕船鈔擊，琮常帶甲仗兵，伺候不休。) Sanguozhi vol. 60. (頃之，敵數千人出江中，琮擊破之，梟其將軍尹盧。) Sanguozhi vol...

按其文殊甚切直，恐非皓之所能容忍也。或以為凱藏之篋笥，未敢宣行，病困，皓遣董朝省問欲言，因以付之。虛實難明，故不著于篇，然愛其指擿皓事，足為後戒，故鈔列于凱傳左云。) Sanguozhi vol. 61. (皓遣親近趙欽口詔報凱前表曰：「孤動必遵先帝，有何不平？君所諫非也。又建業宮不利，故避之，而...