Bulk soil is soil outside the rhizosphere that is not penetrated by plant roots. The bulk soil is like an ecosystem, it is made up of many things such...

Bulk density is useful for materials such as powders, granules, and other "divided" solids, especially used in reference to mineral components (soil,...

physical properties of soil, in order of decreasing importance for ecosystem services such as crop production, are texture, structure, bulk density, porosity...

strong internal connectedness, soil ecologists regard soil as an ecosystem. Most soils have a dry bulk density (density of soil taking into account voids when...

root growth, a positive feedback called the soil microbial loop. Out of root influence, in the bulk soil most bacteria are in a quiescent stage, forming...

compartments: endosphere, episphere, rhizosphere, and nonrhizosphere or bulk soil. Moreover, the microbial communities in each compartment have been reported...

Soil crusts are soil surface layers that are distinct from the rest of the bulk soil, often hardened with a platy surface. Depending on the manner of formation...

adjacent bulk soil. Soil organic carbon (SOC) concentrations in sandy soils influence soil bulk density which decreases with an increase in SOC. Bulk density...

For instance, soil bulk density can be predicted using easily measured soil properties such as soil texture, pH and organic matter. Soil testing is used...

produced in the process of soil formation or pedogenesis. Natural topsoil is mined and conditioned for human use and makes up the bulk of commercial topsoil...

these areas is at least one order of magnitude higher than the bulk soil. Other soil treatments, besides organic matter inputs, which lead to this short-term...

surrounding bulk soil. If a beneficial microbe genera is not present in a soil plants are not able to recruit it as a defense. Therefore, suppressive soils are...

{M_{solid}}{V_{total}}}} The dry bulk density of a soil greatly depends on the mineral assemblage making up the soil and on its degree of compaction....

oxygen due to greater oxygen consumption by the root as compared to the bulk soil, soil at a greater distance from the root. Another important organism in...

Typical bulk density of sandy soil is between 1.5 and 1.7 g/cm3. This calculates to a porosity between 0.43 and 0.36. Typical bulk density of clay soil is...

applied to soil or to plant tissues to supply plant nutrients. Fertilizers may be distinct from liming materials or other non-nutrient soil amendments...

in normal soils, risk damaging the plant. For compost, the maximum recommended amount is 1 part compost to 1 part bulking material. A soil test may be...

Soil liquefaction occurs when a cohesionless saturated or partially saturated soil substantially loses strength and stiffness in response to an applied...

A soil horizon is a layer parallel to the soil surface whose physical, chemical and biological characteristics differ from the layers above and beneath...

content by the bulk specific gravity S G {\displaystyle SG} of the material: θ = u × S G {\displaystyle \theta =u\times SG} . In soil mechanics and petroleum...

rhizosphere are distinct from each other, and from the microbial communities of bulk soil, although there is some overlap in species composition. Different microorganisms...

seawater. Sulfur was more concentrated in the crust on top of the soil than in the bulk soil beneath. The sulfur may be present as sulfates of sodium, magnesium...

USDA soil taxonomy (ST) developed by the United States Department of Agriculture and the National Cooperative Soil Survey provides an elaborate classification...

being about 12:1. It also significantly improves (decreases) the bulk density of soil. Humus is amorphous and lacks the cellular structure characteristic...

research level. The physical category of soil quality indicators consists of tests that measure soil texture, bulk density, porosity, water content at saturation...

Soil compaction, also known as soil structure degradation, is the increase of bulk density or decrease in porosity of soil due to externally or internally...

designed to provide information on the geotechnical engineering properties of soil. This test is the most frequently used subsurface exploration drilling test...

granular materials including sand, crushed rock, clay, granite, feldspar, coal, soil, a wide range of manufactured powder, grain and seeds, down to a minimum...

biological communities of the rhizosphere in comparison with the bulk soil or parent soil. Concentrations of organic acids and saccharides affect the ability...

absorption of the soil water. Although minerals are the origin of most nutrients, and the bulk of most nutrient elements in the soil is held in crystalline...