• The ascorbate-glutathione cycle, sometimes Foyer-Halliwell-Asada pathway, is a metabolic pathway that detoxifies hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a reactive...
    5 KB (499 words) - 21:00, 21 June 2024
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    component of the glutathione-ascorbate cycle, a system that reduces poisonous hydrogen peroxide. It is the precursor of phytochelatins, glutathione oligomers...
    25 KB (2,681 words) - 12:59, 4 October 2024
  • Thumbnail for Glutathione disulfide
    state of the NMDA receptor complex. Glutathione-ascorbate cycle Antioxidant Meister A, Anderson ME (1983). "Glutathione". Annual Review of Biochemistry....
    6 KB (489 words) - 18:49, 8 June 2024
  • Thumbnail for Glutathione reductase
    reduced glutathione participates in the glutathione-ascorbate cycle in which reduced glutathione reduces dehydroascorbate, a reactive byproduct of the...
    31 KB (3,709 words) - 04:25, 21 December 2023
  • Thumbnail for Ascorbate peroxidase
    dehydroascorbic acid and ascorbate. APX is an integral component of the glutathione-ascorbate cycle. APX enzymes show high specificity for ascorbate as an electron...
    12 KB (1,255 words) - 22:00, 2 December 2023
  • other metabolites and enzyme systems, such as ascorbate in the glutathione-ascorbate cycle, glutathione peroxidases and glutaredoxins, as well as reacting...
    94 KB (10,242 words) - 11:14, 4 October 2024
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    vitamin E and vitamin C. In mild cases, ascorbate and N-acetylcysteine have been shown to increase glutathione levels and increase erythrocyte production...
    21 KB (2,033 words) - 06:45, 23 September 2024
  • monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDAR) is an enzymatic component of the glutathione-ascorbate cycle that is one of the major antioxidant systems of plant cells for...
    3 KB (265 words) - 14:59, 26 August 2023
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    dehydroascorbate reductase activity and may function in the glutathione-ascorbate cycle as part of antioxidant metabolism. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89:...
    10 KB (1,061 words) - 16:48, 31 March 2024
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    hydroperoxides. Glutathione functions as reductant in the enzymatic detoxification of reactive oxygen species in the glutathione-ascorbate cycle and as thiol...
    24 KB (2,992 words) - 18:02, 16 October 2024
  • where with Christine Foyer and others in 1976, he discovered the glutathioneascorbate cycle (also known as the Foyer–Halliwell–Asada pathway) by which chloroplasts...
    11 KB (1,091 words) - 12:10, 29 November 2023
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    by glutathione to reform minoxidil. Such a process would cycle until the minoxidil is otherwise metabolized and would result in rapid glutathione depletion...
    47 KB (4,450 words) - 10:55, 12 October 2024
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    oxidative stress. It reduces glutathione via glutathione reductase, which converts reactive H2O2 into H2O by glutathione peroxidase. If absent, the H2O2...
    11 KB (1,111 words) - 22:42, 12 October 2024
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    Crohn's disease. Glutamine maintains redox balance by participating in glutathione synthesis and contributing to anabolic processes such as lipid synthesis...
    28 KB (2,559 words) - 01:39, 9 September 2024
  • Thumbnail for Reactive oxygen species
    testis, have a large concentration of antioxidants such as vitamin C (ascorbate) and β-carotene and anti-oxidant enzymes. If too much damage is present...
    70 KB (8,489 words) - 08:42, 7 October 2024
  • Thumbnail for Metabolism
    include cytochrome P450 oxidases, UDP-glucuronosyltransferases, and glutathione S-transferases. This system of enzymes acts in three stages to firstly...
    113 KB (12,407 words) - 18:55, 25 September 2024
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    thioredoxin-like proteins, or possibly glutathione, whereas the 1-Cys enzymes may be reduced by ascorbic acid or glutathione in the presence of GST-π. Using...
    15 KB (1,724 words) - 15:33, 16 September 2024
  • Thumbnail for Peroxisome
    enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, the components of the ascorbate-glutathione cycle, and the NADP-dehydrogenases of the pentose-phosphate pathway...
    33 KB (3,863 words) - 06:13, 27 July 2024
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    depletion of intracellular ascorbate. The addition of ascorbate to the culture medium increased the intracellular ascorbate level and reversed both the...
    89 KB (9,740 words) - 09:36, 21 June 2024
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    antioxidants, including vitamin E, coenzyme Q10, ascorbate, carotenoids, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. These antioxidants provide...
    19 KB (2,292 words) - 17:54, 13 March 2024
  • methylglyoxal, then to pyruvate, or to D-lactaldehyde (via S-D-lactoyl-glutathione or otherwise) then D-lactate. D-lactate metabolism (to glucose) is slow...
    50 KB (5,561 words) - 07:03, 13 August 2024
  • Thumbnail for Superoxide dismutase
    oxidative stress. The synthesis of enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, L-ascorbate oxidase, and Delta 1 DNA polymerase is initiated in plants with the activation...
    48 KB (5,242 words) - 20:43, 12 October 2024
  • mutations in the enzyme prolyl hydroxylase or lack of the necessary ascorbate (vitamin C) cofactor. Peptide bonds to proline, and to other N-substituted...
    23 KB (2,241 words) - 00:20, 13 October 2024
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    Nanoparticles Phytotoxicity in Wheat Seedlings: Implication of the AscorbateGlutathione Cycle". Frontiers in Plant Science. 8: 1. doi:10.3389/fpls.2017.00001...
    95 KB (9,707 words) - 03:12, 8 October 2024
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    scavenging enzymes including: catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, and ascorbate peroxidase (to scavenge hydrogen peroxide). After conducting...
    13 KB (1,535 words) - 12:31, 30 January 2024
  • dismutase) and hydrogen peroxide-scavenging enzymes (catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione peroxidase). The antioxidant superoxide dismutase catalyses...
    47 KB (5,571 words) - 20:10, 2 January 2024