KYAS LATER GUPTAS NORTH. ZHOU NORTH. QI ZHANGZHUNG CHEN BYZANTINE EMPIRE AVAR KHAGANATE TUYUHUN Khitans Paleo-Siberians Tungus GOGU- RYEO TOCHA- RIANS...

the Black Sea, in : C. ZUCKERMANN (ed.), La Crimée entre Byzance et le Khaganat Khazar. CHCB, Monographies, 25. Paris 2006, 31–65, at 53 f. Wikimedia Commons...