fusion power research, the plasma-facing material (or materials) (PFM) is any material used to construct the plasma-facing components (PFC), those components...

as plasma-facing materials in such devices. This makes HIDRA one of only a very few fusion devices willing to run liquid lithium as a plasma-facing material...

a plasma railgun, the armature and ejected projectile consists of plasma, or hot, ionized, gas-like particles, instead of a solid slug of material. Scientific...

burning plasmas are being actively studied. Development of new technologies in plasma diagnostics, real-time control, plasma-facing materials, high-power...

manipulate ferroelectric domains on nanoscale dimensions Plasma-facing material, the material used to line the reactor vessel in a fusion power reactor...

particles of a solid material are ejected from its surface, after the material is itself bombarded by energetic particles of a plasma or gas. It occurs naturally...

exposed sections of the plasma-facing inner wall of nuclear fusion reactors. Tungsten, as a plasma-facing component material, features exceptionally low...

chamber to strike a target of the material that is to be deposited. This material is vaporized from the target (in a plasma plume) which deposits it as a...

from the magnetically confined plasma to dedicated plasma-facing components, thus spatially separating the region plasma-surface interactions from the...

stellarators, is understanding the physics of the plasma boundary and its interactions with plasma-facing components (PFCs), typically in the form of divertors...

and related materials processing varies from about 10−4 in typical capacitive discharges to as high as 5–10% in high-density inductive plasmas. Processing...

dusty plasma is a plasma containing micrometer (10−6) to nanometer (10−9) sized particles suspended in it. Dust particles are charged and the plasma and...

radioactive due to neutrons impinging upon them. It is hoped that plasma facing materials will be developed so that wastes produced in this way will have...

fusion reaction, overcoming the problem of structural damage to plasma-facing materials. The lithium in the mixture breeds tritium. In August 2023, General...

is where the modified compounds leave. The trans face is usually facing the plasma membrane, which is where most of the substances the Golgi apparatus...

the solar wind as it is strongly affected by the magnetic field of the plasma of the solar wind. The ion tail follows the magnetic field lines rather...

acceleration Plasma channel Plasma cleaning Plasma containment Plasma cosmology Plasma diagnostics Plasma facing material Plasma fountain Plasma gasification...

a plasma railgun, the armature and ejected projectile consists of plasma, or hot, ionized, gas-like particles, instead of a solid slug of material. MARAUDER...

issues for commercial fusion power development is the choice of material for the plasma-facing portions of the reactor vessel, also known as the first wall...

Graphite found favor as material for short-lived experiments, but appears unlikely to become the primary plasma-facing material (PFM) in a commercial reactor...

Plasma oxidation can be used to alter the surface chemistry, adding silanol (SiOH) groups to the surface. Atmospheric air plasma and argon plasma will...

data on the plasma-facing materials degradation under neutron irradiation during the life-time of a fusion reactor. The main source of materials degradation...

welding Plasma arc welding, also called powder plasma welding Thermal spraying Cold polymer compounds Laser cladding Hardpaint Commonly applied materials include...

Fusion For Energy agency. When the ITER tokamak is in operation, the plasma-facing units endure heat spikes as high as 20 megawatts per square metre, which...

key problem was confining such a plasma; no material container could withstand those temperatures. But because plasmas are electrically conductive, they...

opposite-facing layers of uniformly arranged phospholipids. Each phospholipid is made of one phosphate head and two fatty acid tails. The plasma membrane...

embedded in the vesicle membrane are now part of the plasma membrane. The side of the protein that was facing the inside of the vesicle now faces the outside...

Thermoelectric materials show the thermoelectric effect in a strong or convenient form. The thermoelectric effect refers to phenomena by which either...

transfer Gas tungsten Flux-cored Submerged Plasma arc Carbon arc Stud Electroslag Atomic hydrogen Plasma-MIG (metal inert gas) Impregnated tape Regulated...

spacecraft propulsion where an onboard magnetic field source interacts with a plasma wind (e.g., the solar wind) to form an artificial magnetosphere (similar...