each business may decide with whom they wish to transact, there are some situations when a refusal to deal may be considered an unlawful anti-competitive...

a concept in equestrianism Refusal of work Refusal to deal Refusal of medical assistance Refusal skills Driven to refusal, an engineering/surveying term...

2005 and 2009. Refusal to deal, e.g., two companies agree not to use a certain vendor. In 2010, Cabcharge refused, on commercial terms, to allow its non-cash...

"NeoBrandeisian" movement arose in the late 1930s. In reaction to the failures of the first New Deal a group headed by Harvard Professor Felix Frankfurter advanced...

the gas field turned low - both due to standoff with the Ramallah administration and the Israeli refusal to deal with Hamas group. The chances further...

agreeing not to compete with each other in order to improve their profits and dominate the market. A cartel is an organization formed by producers to limit competition...

"boycott" as "engaging in a refusal to deal, terminating business activities or performing other actions that are intended to limit commercial relations"...

tend to lead to such a dominant position. Practices controlled in this way may include predatory pricing, tying, price gouging, and refusal to deal. supervising...

limited to the 50 largest firms). The result is proportional to the average market share, weighted by market share. As such, it can range from 0 to 1.0,...

example, capitalism has led to the growth of money-based activities like banking-retailing services, remedial measures to deal with trade union issues, and...

horizontal price-fixing, horizontal market division, and concerted refusals to deal. Violations of the "rule of reason": A totality of the circumstances...

Refusal to deal with certain customers or suppliers and exclusive dealing with certain customers or suppliers Selling products below cost in order to...

as excessive purchase and supply, pricing, refusal to deal. Business can also justify if it is judged to be monopolized by the court. For example, business...

agreement to substantially lessen competition. The action alleged predatory pricing by Cabcharge and centred on Cabcharge's conduct in refusing to deal with...

pricing, has been repealed and replaced by sections 78 and 79, which both deal with the matters civilly. Section 78(1)(i) of the Competition Act prohibits...

regarding their refusal to supply the interoperability information for operating PC Windows with other systems. Microsoft was forced to license out its...

manufacturers from supplying goods to “preferred customers“ at a reduced price. It also prevents coercing suppliers into restrictions as to whom they can and can't...

that would differ based on deals established with various governments. Executive orders were enacted in the United States to lower prescription drug costs...

government regulation requiring a license to pursue a particular profession or vocation for compensation. It is related to occupational closure. Some claim higher...

In economics, market power refers to the ability of a firm to influence the price at which it sells a product or service by manipulating either the supply...

The FTC dropped its lawsuit on July 20, 2023. Microsoft had to restructure its deal to appease UK regulators. Microsoft reneged on promises it made in...

The Agreement for Bringing Peace to Afghanistan, commonly known as the United States–Taliban deal or the Doha Accord, was a peace agreement signed by the...

its most general sense, the practice of law involves giving legal advice to clients, drafting legal documents for clients, and representing clients in...

The New Deal was a series of domestic programs, public work projects, financial reforms, and regulations enacted by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in...

combines separate food items into a "meal deal" or "value meal". A bundle of products may be called a package deal; in recorded music or video games, a compilation...

deny competitors entry into the market. It is closely related to a claim for refusal to deal. The doctrine has its origins in United States law, but it has...

tying where a contract binds the buyer to purchase both products together, refusal to supply until the buyer agrees to purchase both products, withdrawal...

focused on the liberation of Algeria. This latter aspect led to the denial of or refusal to deal with the separate Berber identity held by Algerian Berbers...

Regulation is the management of complex systems according to a set of rules and trends. In systems theory, these types of rules exist in various fields...

industry in which high infrastructural costs and other barriers to entry relative to the size of the market give the largest supplier in an industry,...