A temperature gradient is a physical quantity that describes in which direction and at what rate the temperature changes the most rapidly around a particular...

Temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE) and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) are forms of electrophoresis which use either a temperature...

Geothermal gradient is the rate of change in temperature with respect to increasing depth in Earth's interior. As a general rule, the crust temperature rises...

adiabatic lapse rate. Under the right conditions, the normal vertical temperature gradient is inverted so that the air is colder near the surface of the Earth...

pump is given by the temperature gradient operator, which is the mean temperature gradient divided by the critical temperature gradient. I = ∇ T m ∇ T c r...

Antarctic where surface temperatures drop to approximately −98 °C (−144 °F; 175 K). Due to the very strong temperature gradient near the surface, these...

until the following morning when the cycle repeats. A land/sea temperature-pressure gradient is not always necessary to drive the marine layer and low clouds...

base of the convection zone. In a radiative zone, the temperature gradient—the change in temperature (T) as a function of radius (r)—is given by: d T ( r...

{\displaystyle \nabla T} is the temperature gradient. The Seebeck coefficients generally vary as function of temperature and depend strongly on the composition...

For instance, the thermal wind associated with pole-to-equator temperature gradients is the primary physical explanation for the jet stream in the upper...

Lapse rate corresponds to the vertical component of the spatial gradient of temperature. Although this concept is most often applied to the Earth's troposphere...

change the way it conducts heat. Heat spontaneously flows along a temperature gradient (i.e. from a hotter body to a colder body). For example, heat is...

which the temperature rises most quickly, moving away from (x, y, z). The magnitude of the gradient will determine how fast the temperature rises in that...

thermal gradient formed between two different conductors can produce electricity. At the heart of the thermoelectric effect is that a temperature gradient in...

the amount of atmospheric refraction is a function of the temperature gradient, temperature, pressure, and humidity (the amount of water vapor, which...

temperature inversion. During daytime, the normal temperature gradient of the atmosphere is cold air above warm air. Passing through the temperature inversion...

device that measures temperature (the hotness or coldness of an object) or temperature gradient (the rates of change of temperature in space). A thermometer...

wind gradient, more specifically wind speed gradient or wind velocity gradient, or alternatively shear wind, is the vertical component of the gradient of...

observed when the liquidus temperature gradient at the interface (the position x=0) is larger than the imposed temperature gradient: ∂ T L ∂ x | x = 0 > ∂...

engine powered by a temperature gradient generated by the sun. Even though Stirling engines can run with a small temperature gradient, it is more efficient...

outward force due to the pressure gradient within the star. The pressure gradient is established by the temperature gradient of the plasma; the outer part...

the thermal conductivity, and ∇ T {\displaystyle \nabla T} is the temperature gradient. This is known as Fourier's law for heat conduction. Although commonly...

along an interface between two phases due to a gradient of the surface tension. In the case of temperature dependence, this phenomenon may be called thermo-capillary...

a temperature gradient, so the measured temperature is different from the actual temperature of the system. In such a case the measured temperature will...

sophisticated variants of sublimation apparatus include those that apply a temperature gradient so as to allow for controlled recrystallization of different fractions...

variables of heating, which include material types and constraints. Temperature gradients, thermal expansion or contraction and thermal shocks are things...

an autoclave, in which a nutrient is supplied along with water. A temperature gradient is maintained between the opposite ends of the growth chamber. At...

non-equilibrium processes, it is desired to consider the effect of a temperature gradient established by the surroundings across the system of interest when...

the higher temperature has the lower voltage, and vice versa. The voltage gradient in the material will point against the temperature gradient. The Seebeck...

attenuation of sound waves at constant temperature to the case of attenuation in the presence of a temperature gradient. Rott made a breakthrough in the study...