In computability theory, a Turing reduction from a decision problem A {\displaystyle A} to a decision problem B {\displaystyle B} is an oracle machine...

polynomial-time reduction, from the most to the least restrictive, are polynomial-time many-one reductions, truth-table reductions, and Turing reductions. The most...

computational complexity theory, a log-space reduction is a reduction computable by a deterministic Turing machine using logarithmic space. Conceptually...

{\displaystyle L_{1}} . Many-one reductions are a special case and stronger form of Turing reductions. With many-one reductions, the oracle (that is, our solution...

The Turing pattern is a concept introduced by English mathematician Alan Turing in a 1952 paper titled "The Chemical Basis of Morphogenesis", which describes...

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algorithm and computation with the Turing machine, which can be considered a model of a general-purpose computer. Turing is widely considered to be the father...

two main types of reductions used in computational complexity, the many-one reduction and the Turing reduction. Many-one reductions map instances of one...

for an example. The definition of NP-easy uses a Turing reduction rather than a many-one reduction because the answers to problem Y are only TRUE or...

reducibility relation. For example, the Turing degrees are the equivalence classes of sets of naturals induced by Turing reducibility. The degrees of any reducibility...

term reduction was used in the technical meaning of a polynomial-time many-one reduction. Another type of reduction is polynomial-time Turing reduction. A...

computability theory, the Church–Turing thesis (also known as computability thesis, the Turing–Church thesis, the Church–Turing conjecture, Church's thesis...

computability (or recursive) theory, where it assumes the form of e.g. Turing reduction, but also in the realm of real-world computation in time (or space)...

non-deterministic Turing machine. The problem is #P-hard, meaning that every other problem in #P has a Turing reduction or polynomial-time counting reduction to it...

Church, Rózsa Péter, Alan Turing, Stephen Kleene, and Emil Post. The fundamental results the researchers obtained established Turing computability as the correct...

what is now known as the Turing test to the general public. Turing's paper considers the question "Can machines think?" Turing says that since the words...

performed by a truth-table reduction, but every truth-table reduction can be performed by a Turing reduction.) A Turing reduction from a set B to a set A...

Post machine or Post–Turing machine is a "program formulation" of a type of Turing machine, comprising a variant of Emil Post's Turing-equivalent model of...

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of oracle Turing machines, as discussed below. The one presented here is from van Melkebeek (2003, p. 43). An oracle machine, like a Turing machine, includes:...

the complement is the set of all integers exceeding one. There is a Turing reduction from every problem to its complement problem. The complement operation...

combinations. Lambda calculus is Turing complete, that is, it is a universal model of computation that can be used to simulate any Turing machine. Its namesake,...

mathematical logic, the Friedberg–Muchnik theorem is a theorem about Turing reductions that was proven independently by Albert Muchnik and Richard Friedberg...

patterns have come to be known as Turing patterns. For example, it has been postulated that the protein VEGFC can form Turing patterns to govern the formation...

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therefore suffices to show that if limit computability is preserved by Turing reduction, as this will show that all sets computable from 0 ′ {\displaystyle...

polynomial-time Turing reduction to a counting problem. An analogous result in the complexity theory over the reals (in the sense of Blum–Shub–Smale real Turing machines)...

computability theory, a decider is a Turing machine that halts for every input. A decider is also called a total Turing machine as it represents a total function...

defining a new class GI, the set of problems with a polynomial-time Turing reduction to the graph isomorphism problem. If in fact the graph isomorphism...

problem considered in Turing's 1936 paper ("does a Turing machine starting from a blank tape ever print a given symbol?"). However, Turing equivalence is rather...