In computability theory, a Turing reduction from a decision problem A {\displaystyle A} to a decision problem B {\displaystyle B} is an oracle machine...

computational complexity theory, a log-space reduction is a reduction computable by a deterministic Turing machine using logarithmic space. Conceptually...

polynomial-time reduction, from the most to the least restrictive, are polynomial-time many-one reductions, truth-table reductions, and Turing reductions. The most...

two main types of reductions used in computational complexity, the many-one reduction and the Turing reduction. Many-one reductions map instances of one...

{\displaystyle L_{1}} . Many-one reductions are a special case and stronger form of Turing reductions. With many-one reductions, the oracle (that is, our solution...

algorithm and computation with the Turing machine, which can be considered a model of a general-purpose computer. Turing is widely considered to be the father...

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term reduction was used in the technical meaning of a polynomial-time many-one reduction. Another type of reduction is polynomial-time Turing reduction. A...

The Turing pattern is a concept introduced by English mathematician Alan Turing in a 1952 paper titled "The Chemical Basis of Morphogenesis" which describes...

non-deterministic Turing machine. The problem is #P-hard, meaning that every other problem in #P has a Turing reduction or polynomial-time counting reduction to it...

computability theory, the Church–Turing thesis (also known as computability thesis, the Turing–Church thesis, the Church–Turing conjecture, Church's thesis...

reducibility relation. For example, the Turing degrees are the equivalence classes of sets of naturals induced by Turing reducibility. The degrees of any reducibility...

for an example. The definition of NP-easy uses a Turing reduction rather than a many-one reduction because the answers to problem Y are only TRUE or...

of oracle Turing machines, as discussed below. The one presented here is from van Melkebeek (2003, p. 43). An oracle machine, like a Turing machine, includes:...

computability (or recursive) theory, where it assumes the form of e.g. Turing reduction, but also in the realm of real-world computation in time (or space)...

the complement is the set of all integers exceeding one. There is a Turing reduction from every problem to its complement problem. The complement operation...

Turing Institute Turing Lecture Turing machine Turing patterns Turing reduction Turing test Various institutions have paid tribute to Turing by naming things...

performed by a truth-table reduction, but every truth-table reduction can be performed by a Turing reduction.) A Turing reduction from a set B to a set A...

non-deterministic Turing machine that runs in polynomial time, for which the output to the problem is the number of accepting paths of the Turing machine. Intuitively...

A Post–Turing machine is a "program formulation" of a type of Turing machine, comprising a variant of Emil Post's Turing-equivalent model of computation...

patterns have come to be known as Turing patterns. For example, it has been postulated that the protein VEGFC can form Turing patterns to govern the formation...

therefore suffices to show that if limit computability is preserved by Turing reduction, as this will show that all sets computable from 0 ′ {\displaystyle...

what is now known as the Turing test to the general public. Turing's paper considers the question "Can machines think?" Turing says that since the words...

mathematical logic, the Friedberg–Muchnik theorem is a theorem about Turing reductions that was proven independently by Albert Muchnik and Richard Friedberg...

deterministic Turing machines, probabilistic Turing machines, non-deterministic Turing machines, quantum Turing machines, symmetric Turing machines and...

Church, Rózsa Péter, Alan Turing, Stephen Kleene, and Emil Post. The fundamental results the researchers obtained established Turing computability as the correct...

defining a new class GI, the set of problems with a polynomial-time Turing reduction to the graph isomorphism problem. If in fact the graph isomorphism...

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combinations. Lambda calculus is Turing complete, that is, it is a universal model of computation that can be used to simulate any Turing machine. Its namesake,...