Cryptography, or cryptology (from Ancient Greek: κρυπτός, romanized: kryptós "hidden, secret"; and γράφειν graphein, "to write", or -λογία -logia, "study"...

Post-quantum cryptography (PQC), sometimes referred to as quantum-proof, quantum-safe, or quantum-resistant, is the development of cryptographic algorithms...

Public-key cryptography, or asymmetric cryptography, is the field of cryptographic systems that use pairs of related keys. Each key pair consists of a...

In cryptography, a salt is random data fed as an additional input to a one-way function that hashes data, a password or passphrase. Salting helps defend...

A key in cryptography is a piece of information, usually a string of numbers or letters that are stored in a file, which, when processed through a cryptographic...

Elliptic-curve cryptography (ECC) is an approach to public-key cryptography based on the algebraic structure of elliptic curves over finite fields. ECC...

In cryptography, encryption is the process of transforming (more specifically, encoding) information in a way that, ideally, only authorized parties can...

A cryptographic hash function (CHF) is a hash algorithm (a map of an arbitrary binary string to a binary string with a fixed size of n {\displaystyle...

Quantum cryptography is the science of exploiting quantum mechanical properties to perform cryptographic tasks. The best known example of quantum cryptography...

and topical guide to cryptography: Cryptography (or cryptology) – practice and study of hiding information. Modern cryptography intersects the disciplines...

Symmetric-key algorithms are algorithms for cryptography that use the same cryptographic keys for both the encryption of plaintext and the decryption of...

A cryptographic protocol is an abstract or concrete protocol that performs a security-related function and applies cryptographic methods, often as sequences...

Strong cryptography or cryptographically strong are general terms used to designate the cryptographic algorithms that, when used correctly, provide a very...

Cryptography, the use of codes and ciphers to protect secrets, began thousands of years ago. Until recent decades, it has been the story of what might...

In cryptography, key size or key length refers to the number of bits in a key used by a cryptographic algorithm (such as a cipher). Key length defines...

"Introduction to Cryptography with Open-Source Software". p. 12. Surender R. Chiluka. "Public key Cryptography". Neal Koblitz. "Cryptography As a Teaching...

fictional characters commonly used as placeholders in discussions about cryptographic systems and protocols, and in other science and engineering literature...

The export of cryptography is the transfer from one country to another of devices and technology related to cryptography. In the early days of the Cold...

In cryptography, the Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) offers a variant of the Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA) which uses elliptic-curve...

A cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator (CSPRNG) or cryptographic pseudorandom number generator (CPRNG) is a pseudorandom number generator...

to the recipient. Digital signatures are a standard element of most cryptographic protocol suites, and are commonly used for software distribution, financial...

is used to breach cryptographic security systems and gain access to the contents of encrypted messages, even if the cryptographic key is unknown. In...

Diffie–Hellman (DH) key exchange is a mathematical method of securely exchanging cryptographic keys over a public channel and was one of the first public-key protocols...

In cryptography, a nonce is an arbitrary number that can be used just once in a cryptographic communication. It is often a random or pseudo-random number...

Cryptography is the practice and study of encrypting information, or in other words, securing information from unauthorized access. There are many different...

Cryptographic primitives are well-established, low-level cryptographic algorithms that are frequently used to build cryptographic protocols for computer...

In cryptography, padding is any of a number of distinct practices which all include adding data to the beginning, middle, or end of a message prior to...

In cryptographic protocol design, cryptographic agility or crypto-agility is the ability to switch between multiple cryptographic primitives. A cryptographically...

In cryptography, PKCS (Public Key Cryptography Standards) are a group of public-key cryptography standards devised and published by RSA Security LLC,...

Visual cryptography is a cryptographic technique which allows visual information (pictures, text, etc.) to be encrypted in such a way that the decrypted...