Opioids are a class of drugs that derive from, or mimic, natural substances found in the opium poppy plant. Opioids work in the brain to produce a variety...
222 KB (19,665 words) - 10:15, 26 July 2024
The opioid epidemic, also referred to as the opioid crisis, is the rapid increase in the overuse, misuse/abuse, and overdose deaths attributed either...
79 KB (8,422 words) - 20:03, 5 August 2024
Opioid receptors are a group of inhibitory G protein-coupled receptors with opioids as ligands. The endogenous opioids are dynorphins, enkephalins, endorphins...
40 KB (4,427 words) - 12:37, 12 January 2024
Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a substance use disorder characterized by cravings for opioids, continued use despite physical and/or psychological deterioration...
125 KB (13,331 words) - 13:23, 6 August 2024
An opioid antagonist, or opioid receptor antagonist, is a receptor antagonist that acts on one or more of the opioid receptors. Naloxone and naltrexone...
11 KB (1,340 words) - 14:34, 24 July 2024
The μ-opioid receptors (MOR) are a class of opioid receptors with a high affinity for enkephalins and beta-endorphin, but a low affinity for dynorphins...
22 KB (2,424 words) - 08:47, 18 May 2024
Opioid withdrawal is a set of symptoms (a syndrome) arising from the sudden withdrawal or reduction of opioids where previous usage has been heavy and...
14 KB (1,581 words) - 21:12, 6 January 2024
There is an ongoing opioid epidemic (also known as the opioid crisis) in the United States, originating out of both medical prescriptions and illegal...
248 KB (25,602 words) - 10:20, 30 July 2024
An opioid overdose is toxicity due to excessive consumption of opioids, such as morphine, codeine, heroin, fentanyl, tramadol, and methadone. This preventable...
52 KB (5,433 words) - 06:29, 23 July 2024
The κ-opioid receptor or kappa opioid receptor, abbreviated KOR or KOP for its ligand ketazocine, is a G protein-coupled receptor that in humans is encoded...
67 KB (7,675 words) - 11:07, 30 July 2024
Naloxone (category Kappa-opioid receptor antagonists)
an opioid antagonist: a medication used to reverse or reduce the effects of opioids. For example, it is used to restore breathing after an opioid overdose...
86 KB (7,836 words) - 08:17, 4 August 2024
Buprenorphine (category Delta-opioid receptor antagonists)
Buprenorphine, sold under the brand name Subutex among others, is an opioid used to treat opioid use disorder, acute pain, and chronic pain. It can be used under...
80 KB (7,311 words) - 17:06, 31 May 2024
Benzimidazole opioids, also known as nitazenes, are a class of synthetic opioids with an unusual benzimidazole structure often referred to as "opioid New Psychoactive...
27 KB (1,871 words) - 05:11, 27 July 2024
Naltrexone (category Delta-opioid receptor antagonists)
Revia among others, is a medication primarily used to manage alcohol use or opioid use disorder by reducing cravings and feelings of euphoria associated with...
107 KB (10,529 words) - 20:39, 22 July 2024
Morphine (section Opioid use disorder)
be more pronounced in opioid-naive subjects than chronic opioid users. In chronic opioid users, such as those on Chronic Opioid Analgesic Therapy (COAT)...
140 KB (13,709 words) - 22:26, 30 July 2024
The δ-opioid receptor, also known as delta opioid receptor or simply delta receptor, abbreviated DOR or DOP, is an inhibitory 7-transmembrane G-protein...
28 KB (3,262 words) - 06:56, 10 July 2024
Mitragyna speciosa (category Opioids)
historically been consumed via chewing, smoking, and as a tea. Kratom has opioid-like properties and some stimulant-like effects. As of 2018[update], the...
83 KB (8,924 words) - 08:35, 25 July 2024
Opioid use during pregnancy can have significant implications for both the mother and the developing fetus. Opioids are a class of drugs that include...
18 KB (1,732 words) - 21:40, 26 June 2024
Methadone (category Mu-opioid receptor agonists)
Dolophine and Methadose among others, is a synthetic opioid agonist used for chronic pain and also for opioid use disorder. It is used to treat chronic pain...
76 KB (7,675 words) - 13:03, 14 July 2024
Agonist-antagonist (redirect from Agonist–antagonist opioid)
are opioids. Examples of such opioids are: pentazocine, agonist at the kappa (κ) and sigma (σ) and has a weak antagonist action at the mu opioid receptor...
7 KB (715 words) - 18:05, 18 February 2024
Oxycodone (category Opioids)
and OxyContin (which is the extended release form), is a semi-synthetic opioid used medically for treatment of moderate to severe pain. It is highly addictive...
124 KB (11,461 words) - 19:07, 4 August 2024
Opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH) or opioid-induced abnormal pain sensitivity, also called paradoxical hyperalgesia, is an uncommon condition of generalized...
28 KB (3,511 words) - 15:34, 10 April 2024
Opioid peptides or opiate peptides are peptides that bind to opioid receptors in the brain; opiates and opioids mimic the effect of these peptides. Such...
19 KB (1,419 words) - 18:28, 15 March 2024
Sackler family (category Opioid epidemic in the United States)
including OxyContin. Purdue Pharma has been criticized for its role in the opioid epidemic in the United States. They have been described as the "most evil...
49 KB (4,136 words) - 07:21, 29 June 2024
Analgesic (category Opioids)
archetypal opioid, and other opioids (e.g., codeine, oxycodone, hydrocodone, dihydromorphine, pethidine) all exert a similar influence on the cerebral opioid receptor...
109 KB (5,853 words) - 17:12, 26 July 2024
Tramadol (category Mu-opioid receptor agonists)
Tramadol, sold under the brand name Ultram among others, is an opioid pain medication and a serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) used to...
97 KB (9,171 words) - 23:47, 12 July 2024
after a period of drug abstinence can also induce overdose. Cocaine and opioid users who inject intravenously can easily overdose accidentally, as the...
28 KB (2,682 words) - 05:33, 19 June 2024
Opioid agonist therapy (OAT) is a treatment in which prescribed opioid agonists are given to patients who live with Opioid use disorder (OUD). In the case...
33 KB (4,049 words) - 07:48, 10 June 2024
Carfentanil (category Mu-opioid receptor agonists)
carfentanyl, sold under the brand name Wildnil, is an extremely potent opioid analgesic used in veterinary medicine to anesthetize large animals such...
22 KB (2,039 words) - 06:04, 14 July 2024
Hydrocodone (category Mu-opioid receptor agonists)
Hydrocodone, also known as dihydrocodeinone, is a semisynthetic opioid used to treat pain and as a cough suppressant. It is taken by mouth. Typically it...
59 KB (5,325 words) - 04:56, 1 July 2024