of germanium are known: germanium dioxide (GeO 2, germania) and germanium monoxide, (GeO). The dioxide, GeO2, can be obtained by roasting germanium disulfide...

of germanium are known: germanium dioxide (GeO 2, germania) and germanium monoxide, (GeO). The dioxide, GeO2 can be obtained by roasting germanium disulfide...

Silicon dioxide, also known as silica, is an oxide of silicon with the chemical formula SiO2, commonly found in nature as quartz. In many parts of the...

carbon dioxide could exist in a glass state similar to other members of its elemental family, like silicon dioxide (silica glass) and germanium dioxide. Unlike...

Lead(IV) oxide, commonly known as lead dioxide, is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula PbO2. It is an oxide where lead is in an oxidation...

The carbon-dioxide laser (CO2 laser) was one of the earliest gas lasers to be developed. It was invented by Kumar Patel of Bell Labs in 1964 and is still...

germanium and iodine or the reaction of germanium dioxide and 57% hydriodic acid: GeO2 + 4 HI → GeI4 + 2 H2O Germanium(IV) iodide reacts with tetraalkyl tin...

thermal expansion. Most ordinary glassware is made from silicon dioxide. Germanium dioxide is used as a glass fibre additive, as well as in infrared optical...

devices. Most transistors are made from very pure silicon, and some from germanium, but certain other semiconductor materials are sometimes used. A transistor...

pure germanium "crystal" mixer diodes, used in radar units as a frequency mixer element in microwave radar receivers. A parallel project on germanium diodes...

decomposes to iridium and bromine at higher temperatures. It reacts with germanium dibromide in hydrobromic acid solution to form a compound containing Ir-Ge...

most modern electronics. Some examples of semiconductors are silicon, germanium, gallium arsenide, and elements near the so-called "metalloid staircase"...

is a member of group 14 in the periodic table: carbon is above it; and germanium, tin, lead, and flerovium are below it. It is relatively unreactive. Silicon...

Pb5Ge3O11. Lead metagermanate can be obtained by the reaction of germanium dioxide and lead acetate. Lead metagermanate is a solid with a strong thermoelectric...

revealed the second fundamental advantage of silicon over germanium: contrary to germanium oxides, "wet" silica is a physically strong and chemically...

by the Kroll and Hunter processes. The most common compound, titanium dioxide, is a popular photocatalyst and is used in the manufacture of white pigments...

silicon dioxide. High-κ dielectrics are used in semiconductor manufacturing processes where they are usually used to replace a silicon dioxide gate dielectric...

six-membered rings of atoms. Diamond has the same cubic structure as silicon and germanium, and because of the strength of the carbon-carbon bonds, it is the hardest...

state with a short list of other materials that includes water, silicon, germanium, bismuth, and plutonium.: 222  Gallium forms alloys with most metals....

down from the known element of the same group in his table. For example, germanium was called eka-silicon until its discovery in 1886, and rhenium was called...

transistor (MOSFET) device in which a semiconductor layer such as silicon or germanium is formed on an insulator layer which may be a buried oxide (BOX) layer...

which tarnishes olive grey when it is exposed to air, forming thorium dioxide; it is moderately soft, malleable, and has a high melting point. Thorium...

tetranitride (S4N4). The essentially covalent silicon nitride (Si3N4) and germanium nitride (Ge3N4) are also known: silicon nitride, in particular, would...

the Earth's crust in the form of various oxides such as water, carbon dioxide, iron oxides and silicates. All eukaryotic organisms, including plants...

reacting it with charcoal to release the free element muriaticum (and carbon dioxide). They did not succeed and published a report in which they considered...

of germanium (Ge) dipped in dilute hydrofluoric acid strips the naturally forming germanium oxide groups, creating hydrogen-terminated germanium. Chemical...

other molecules can also be used to form glassy systems, such as : germanium dioxide (GeO2) ; diboron trioxide (B2O3); phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5); aluminosilicates...

radical (HO2•) and carbon dioxide (CO2). Peroxy radical subsequently reacts with nitrogen oxide (NO) to form nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and hydroxyl radical...

implementation, Noyce's chip was made of silicon, whereas Kilby's was made of germanium, and Noyce's was fabricated using the planar process, developed in early...

mainly due to problems with the surface states, the dangling bond, and the germanium and copper compound materials. In the course of trying to understand the...