Extrachromosomal DNA (abbreviated ecDNA) is any DNA that is found off the chromosomes, either inside or outside the nucleus of a cell. Most DNA in an...

Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) is a type of double-stranded circular DNA structure that was first discovered in 1964 by Alix Bassel and Yasuo Hotta...

walls, for example, yeast samples containing mixed DNA from multiple sources Extrachromosomal DNA is generally easy to isolate, especially plasmids may...

A plasmid is a small, extrachromosomal DNA molecule within a cell that is physically separated from chromosomal DNA and can replicate independently. They...

Extrachromosomal rDNA circles (aka ERC) are pieces of extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) derived from ribosomal DNA (rDNA). Initially found in baker's...

chromosomes Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA), and that of other plastids Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) Inverse polymerase chain...

Research UK - Cancer News. Retrieved 2024-11-22. "Shining a light on extrachromosomal DNA | Sarafan ChEM-H". chemh.stanford.edu. 2021-09-29. Retrieved 2024-11-22...

an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA. Viral genomes contain either DNA or RNA. Mutations result from errors during DNA or viral replication, mitosis...

Double minutes (DMs) are small fragments of extrachromosomal DNA, which have been observed in a large number of human tumors including breast, lung, ovary...

also contain plasmids or other extrachromosomal DNA. These are circular structures in the cytoplasm that contain cellular DNA and play a role in horizontal...

plastid DNA, as well as many other varieties of extrachromosomal DNA, including plasmids and some viral DNA. Contrast linear DNA. circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA)...

of DNA into RNA. Some segments of DNA are transcribed into RNA molecules that can encode proteins, called messenger RNA (mRNA). Other segments of DNA are...

molecular biology, DNA replication is the biological process of producing two identical replicas of DNA from one original DNA molecule. DNA replication occurs...

and phage systems. For example, it accounts for the failure of extrachromosomal DNAs without origins to replicate when introduced into host cells. It...

characterized by lack of motivation Double minute, fragments of extrachromosomal DNA in human tumors Myotonic dystrophy (DM-1/2/3), a chronic muscle-wasting...

reference genome consists of a 5,227,419 bp circular chromosome and two extrachromosomal DNA plasmids, pXO1 and pXO2, of 181,677 and 94,830 bp respectively, which...

(DNA), ribosomes and various sorts of inclusions. The genetic material is freely found in the cytoplasm. Prokaryotes can carry extrachromosomal DNA elements...

the nucleus) is preceded by the S stage of interphase (during which the DNA replication occurs) and is followed by telophase and cytokinesis; which divides...

Bacterial DNA can be located in two places: Bacterial chromosome, located in the irregularly shaped region known as the nucleoid Extrachromosomal DNA, located...

of chromosomal DNA that has been excised, amplified, and reinserted elsewhere in the genome, and to a fragment of extrachromosomal DNA known as a double...

Non-coding DNA (ncDNA) sequences are components of an organism's DNA that do not encode protein sequences. Some non-coding DNA is transcribed into functional...

cell membrane's permeability to DNA; up-taken DNA can either integrate with the genome or exist as extrachromosomal DNA. DNA is generally inserted into animal...

suitable environments, reproduce by cell division. During cell division, DNA is replicated and can be transmitted to offspring during reproduction. Biological...

Structures Telomere: Telomere-binding protein (TINF2) Protamine See also Extrachromosomal DNA Plasmid List of organisms by chromosome count List of sequenced genomes...

MicroDNA is the most abundant subtype of Extrachromosomal Circular DNA (eccDNA) in humans, typically ranging from 200-400 base pairs in length and enriched...

as extrachromosomal DNA. In plants the DNA is often inserted using Agrobacterium-mediated recombination, taking advantage of the Agrobacteriums T-DNA sequence...

in 2022, the firm began development of a new method for detecting extrachromosomal DNA through collaboration with startup firm Boundless Bio. The company...

template DNA base to its RNA complement (note that the complement of A is now U), as shown below. Note that the template strand of the DNA is the one...

survive outside of insects or plant phloem. Some phytoplasmas contain extrachromosomal DNA such as plasmids. Despite their small genomes, many predicted phytoplasma...

Structures Telomere: Telomere-binding protein (TINF2) Protamine See also Extrachromosomal DNA Plasmid List of organisms by chromosome count List of sequenced genomes...