In heat transfer, Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation refers to wavelength-specific radiative emission and absorption by a material body in thermodynamic...

Kirchhoff's laws, named after Gustav Kirchhoff, may refer to: Kirchhoff's circuit laws in electrical engineering Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation...

of concepts are named "Kirchhoff's laws" after him, which include Kirchhoff's circuit laws, Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation, and Kirchhoff's law...

Planck's law (also Planck radiation law: 1305 ) describes the spectral density of electromagnetic radiation emitted by a black body in thermal equilibrium...

taken into detailed account by Kirchhoff, have been ignored in the foregoing). Thus Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation can be stated: For any material...

expense of heat exchange. In 1860, Gustav Kirchhoff published a mathematical description of thermal equilibrium (i.e. Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation).: 275–301 ...

estimate of size requires some knowledge of the emissivity, particularly its spectral and angular dependence. Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation Vantablack...

(Optical investigations), a law of absorption, later modified somewhat and known as Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation.[citation needed] Anders Jonas...

like water vapor and carbon dioxide. According to Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation, the emissivity of matter is always equal to its absorptivity, at...

The Stefan–Boltzmann law, also known as Stefan's law, describes the intensity of the thermal radiation emitted by matter in terms of that matter's temperature...

emissivity of the surface of a material is its effectiveness in emitting energy as thermal radiation. Thermal radiation is electromagnetic radiation that most...

mainly for thermal measurement. There are four basic laws of IR radiation: Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation, Stefan–Boltzmann law, Planck's law, and Wien's...

might appear to be a violation of Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation. This is not true, as the law only applies in thermal equilibrium. Another term that...

relations for chemical kinetics with transport. Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation is another special case of the Onsager reciprocal relations applied to...

absorber (and thus emitter, according to Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation); hence clouds exchange thermal radiation between their bases and the underlying...

emissivity of 1 and a perfect reflector would have a value of 0. Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation states that absorption equals emissivity opaque (εopaque)...

to leave. Rather than get hotter and hotter, Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation says that the gases of the atmosphere also have to re-emit the infrared...

scattering is present) and obeys Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation. A one-layer model produces an approximate description of OLR which yields temperatures...

absorption. Indeed, Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation confirms that the more effectively an object absorbs light, the more thermal radiation it emits. The...

engine with an electric ignition system. Gustav Kirchhoff first states Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation in several papers. February 23 – William Armstrong...

Stefan–Boltzmann law Planck's law Rayleigh–Jeans law Wien approximation Wien's displacement law Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation Infrared thermometer...

height of the cloud top. In the thermal domain, water is a strong absorber (and thus emitter, according to Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation). Hence...

to heat. Thermal equilibrium obeys the zeroth law of thermodynamics. A system is said to be in thermal equilibrium with itself if the temperature within...

small. Beer-Lambert law Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation List of atmospheric radiative transfer codes Optical depth Planck's law Radiative transfer...

unimportant. Schwarzschild's equation can be derived from Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation, which states that absorptivity must equal emissivity at...

In physics, electromagnetic radiation (EMR) consists of waves of the electromagnetic (EM) field, which propagate through space and carry momentum and electromagnetic...

of the Sun, some thermal radiation consists of infrared in the mid-infrared region, much longer than in sunlight. Black-body, or thermal, radiation is...

Kip Siegel Kip Thorne Kirchhoff's circuit laws Kirchhoff's diffraction formula Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation Kirchhoff equations Kirpal Nandra...

thermometer Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation Planck's law Pyrometer Radiance Rayleigh–Jeans law Sakuma–Hattori equation Stefan–Boltzmann law Thermal radiation...

transfer theory, one-way radiation is considered. For investigation of Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation the notions of absorptivity and emissivity...