microscopy: optical, electron, and scanning probe microscopy, along with the emerging field of X-ray microscopy.[citation needed] Optical microscopy and...

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) where swift electrons go through a thin sample Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) which is similar...

specialized instruments. An account of the early history of scanning electron microscopy has been presented by McMullan. Although Max Knoll produced a photo with...

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) or scanning force microscopy (SFM) is a very-high-resolution type of scanning probe microscopy (SPM), with demonstrated...

including electron microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and live-cell imaging. It is published for the Microscopy Society of America...

Confocal microscopy, most frequently confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) or laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM), is an optical imaging technique...

more complex fluorescence microscopy techniques like confocal microscopy and total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy while xenon lamps, and mercury...

Phase-contrast microscopy (PCM) is an optical microscopy technique that converts phase shifts in light passing through a transparent specimen to brightness...

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a microscopy technique in which a beam of electrons is transmitted through a specimen to form an image. The specimen...

Super-resolution microscopy is a series of techniques in optical microscopy that allow such images to have resolutions higher than those imposed by the...

optical microscopy which do not use visible light include scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy and scanning probe microscopy and...

interference microscopy Differential interference contrast microscopy Fluorescence interference contrast microscopy Interference reflection microscopy Phase...

Cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is a cryomicroscopy technique applied on samples cooled to cryogenic temperatures. For biological specimens, the...

Photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM, also called photoelectron microscopy, PEM) is a type of electron microscopy that utilizes local variations in...

Dark-field microscopy (also called dark-ground microscopy) describes microscopy methods, in both light and electron microscopy, which exclude the unscattered...

Interferometric microscopy or imaging interferometric microscopy is the concept of microscopy which is related to holography, synthetic-aperture imaging...

Tunneling Spectroscopy (STS)", Scanning Probe Microscopy: Atomic Force Microscopy and Scanning Tunneling Microscopy, NanoScience and Technology, Berlin, Heidelberg:...

Stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy is one of the techniques that make up super-resolution microscopy. It creates super-resolution images by...

Microscopy Research and Technique is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all areas of advanced microscopy in the biological, clinical, chemical...

Multi-photon microscopy (also spelled multiphoton microscopy) may refer to: Two-photon excitation microscopy Three photon microscopy Second-harmonic imaging...

Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) is a branch of microscopy that forms images of surfaces using a physical probe that scans the specimen. SPM was founded...

Polarized light microscopy can mean any of a number of optical microscopy techniques involving polarized light. Simple techniques include illumination...

Bright-field microscopy (BF) is the simplest of all the optical microscopy illumination techniques. Sample illumination is transmitted (i.e., illuminated...

Expansion microscopy (ExM) is a sample preparation tool for biological samples that allows investigators to identify small structures by expanding them...

methods listed above. A new technique called synchrotron X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) allows for detailed three-dimensional scanning of fossils. The...

Light sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) is a fluorescence microscopy technique with an intermediate-to-high optical resolution, but good optical sectioning...

interference contrast (DIC) microscopy, also known as Nomarski interference contrast (NIC) or Nomarski microscopy, is an optical microscopy technique used to enhance...

holographic microscopy (DHM) is digital holography applied to microscopy. Digital holographic microscopy distinguishes itself from other microscopy methods...

Quantum microscopy allows microscopic properties of matter and quantum particles to be measured and imaged. Various types of microscopy use quantum principles...

fixative for light microscopy is 10% neutral buffered formalin, or NBF (4% formaldehyde in phosphate buffered saline). For electron microscopy, the most commonly...