A reference genome (also known as a reference assembly) is a digital nucleic acid sequence database, assembled by scientists as a representative example...

The Genome Reference Consortium (GRC) is an international collective of academic and research institutes with expertise in genome mapping, sequencing...

haploid reference genome, of which there are more than three billion. The genome of any given individual is unique; mapping the human genome involved...

These are usually treated separately as the nuclear genome and the mitochondrial genome. Human genomes include both protein-coding DNA sequences and various...

genetics, a genome is all the genetic information of an organism. It consists of nucleotide sequences of DNA (or RNA in RNA viruses). The nuclear genome includes...

Human Pangenome Reference is a collection of genomes from a diverse cohort of individuals compiled by the Human Pangenome Reference Consortium (HPRC)...

This approach does not require a reference genome to reconstruct the transcriptome, and is typically used if the genome is unknown, incomplete, or substantially...

weight given to the longer contigs. It is used widely in genome assembly, especially in reference to contig lengths within a draft assembly. There are also...

Genome projects are scientific endeavours that ultimately aim to determine the complete genome sequence of an organism (be it an animal, a plant, a fungus...

sequence assembly method of creating a transcriptome without the aid of a reference genome. As a result of the development of novel sequencing technologies, the...

traits has been hampered by the lack of a reference genome assembly. In May 2022, a fully annotated reference genome sequence of Avena sativa was reported...

focusing on the structure, function, evolution, mapping, and editing of genomes. A genome is an organism's complete set of DNA, including all of its genes as...

When a reference genome is available, as one is in the case of human, newly sequenced reads could simply be aligned to the reference genome in order...

and interpretation of these complex data. Genome Assembly and Annotation: Give access to the reference genome assembly, serving as a framework for overlaying...

sequenced genome is high, this leads to a high compression ratio. Unlike the SAM/BAM formats, FASTQ files do not specify a reference genome. Alignment-based...

decline of genome sequencing costs and to an astonishingly rapid accumulation of genomic data. These technologies are enabling ambitious genome sequencing...

sequences of DNA, which presents challenges to mapping its reads to a reference genome. After purchasing Complete Genomics, the Beijing Genomics Institute...

an ‘Indian reference genome' grid. The initiative is funded by Department of Biotechnology (DBT) to sequence at least 10,000 Indian genomes in phase 1...

anthracis measures about 3 to 5 μm long and 1 to 1.2 μm wide. The reference genome consists of a 5,227,419 bp circular chromosome and two extrachromosomal...

threshold. For example, a G nucleotide present at a specific location in a reference genome may be replaced by an A in a minority of individuals. The two possible...

longer ones without the use of a reference genome. These are most commonly used in bioinformatic studies to assemble genomes or transcriptomes. Two common...

mosses. Azolla filiculoides is one of just two fern species for which a reference genome has been published. It is believed that this genus grew so prolifically...

metagenome referenced the idea that a collection of genes sequenced from the environment could be analyzed in a way analogous to the study of a single genome. In...

relationships based on the only reference genome available, that of the Boxer dog. In 2017, the first reference genome of the wolf Canis lupus lupus was...

tomato reference genome". BMC Genomics. 22 (1): 898. doi:10.1186/s12864-021-08212-x. ISSN 1471-2164. PMC 8672587. PMID 34911432. Tomato genome is sequenced...

high-quality reference genome is available, these tags may be matched to their corresponding gene in the genome. If a reference genome is unavailable...

comparing their genes or whole genomes. While the first bonobo genome was published in 2012, a high-quality reference genome became available only in 2021...

Hardison; Haussler; Miller (2003). "Human-mouse alignments with BLASTZ". Genome Research. 13 (1): 103–107. doi:10.1101/gr.809403. PMC 430961. PMID 12529312...

important model organisms in biology and medicine. The complete mouse reference genome was sequenced in 2002. House mice have an adult body length (nose to...

develop the first pea reference genome, and the draft assembly was officially announced in September 2019. It covers 88% of the genome (3.92Gb) and predicted...