Social cost in neoclassical economics is the sum of the private costs resulting from a transaction and the costs imposed on the consumers as a consequence...

The social cost of carbon (SCC) is the marginal cost of the impacts caused by emitting one extra tonne of carbon emissions at any point in time. The purpose...

clothes, social insurance, taxes on employment &c. Path cost is a term in networking to define the worthiness of a path, see Routing. Average cost Cost accounting...

externality is any difference between the private cost of an action or decision to an economic agent and the social cost. In simple terms, a negative externality...

economics, the marginal cost is the change in the total cost that arises when the quantity produced is increased, i.e. the cost of producing additional...

proposed alternative. It is one aspect of true cost accounting (TCA), along with Human capital and Social capital. As definitions for "true" and "full"...

"The Problem of Social Cost" (1960) is a law review article by Ronald Coase, then a faculty member at the University of Virginia, dealing with the economic...

The levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) is a measure of the average net present cost of electricity generation for a generator over its lifetime. It...

Problem of Social Cost (1960). Arguably, transaction cost reasoning became most widely known through Oliver E. Williamson's Transaction Cost Economics...

cost − private cost = External cost". The ideal situation of environmental enterprise is to cut the negative external cost. Social cost in economics may...

marginal cost of the negative externalities. In the presence of negative externalities, social cost includes private cost and external cost caused by...

In economics and business decision-making, a sunk cost (also known as retrospective cost) is a cost that has already been incurred and cannot be recovered...

costs to explain the nature and limits of firms; and "The Problem of Social Cost" (1960), which suggests that well-defined property rights could overcome...

conditions important to the market. “The Problem of Social Cost” illuminates a different path towards social optimum showing the Pigouvian tax is not the only...

The cost of living is the cost of maintaining a certain standard of living for an individual or a household. Changes in the cost of living over time can...

game theory, Gonzalez, Marciano and Solal (2019) have shown that in social cost problems involving more than three agents, the Coase theorem suffers...

cost–utility analysis, risk–benefit analysis, economic impact analysis, fiscal impact analysis, and social return on investment (SROI) analysis. Cost–benefit...

the revenue. The former is based on the social cost of carbon (SCC), which attempts to calculate the numeric cost of the externalities of carbon pollution...

In microeconomic theory, the opportunity cost of a choice is the value of the best alternative forgone where, given limited resources, a choice needs to...

carbon emissions to stay below the 1.5°C limit. Latest models of the social cost of carbon calculate a damage of more than $300 per ton of CO2 as a result...

 1–44. Coase, The Problem of Social Cost, IV, 7 Coase, The Problem of Social Cost, V, 9 Coase, The Problem of Social Cost, VIII, 23 Cotterrell 1992. Jary...

present and future welfare of people, the natural environment, and the social cost of carbon. This can be addressed with the dynamic price model of emissions...

transaction costs in a 1966 economics textbook in terms of private and social cost, and for the first time called it a "theorem." Since the 1960s, a voluminous...

opportunity cost of holding money faced by private agents should equal the social cost of creating additional fiat money. Assuming that the marginal cost of creating...

by inflicting a cost on "free-riders", is considered sufficient to establish and maintain cooperation. Social actions come at a cost to the punisher,...

creation that are not revealed through traditional financial reporting. The social cost of carbon is one value that can be incorporated into Return on Integration...

Marginal Cost (PMC) is simply the cost of producing the chemicals whereas the Social Marginal Cost (SMC) is the PMC less the net social cost of discarding...

a presidential candidate, it also imposes private and social costs. For example, one social cost to consumer is the spread of disinformation which can...

by minimizing cost consistent with each possible level of production, and the result is a cost curve. Profit-maximizing firms use cost curves to decide...

Whitewashing is one specific form of a Sybil attack on distributed systems. The social cost of cheaply discarded pseudonyms is that experienced users lose confidence...