The spin–statistics theorem proves that the observed relationship between the intrinsic spin of a particle (angular momentum not due to the orbital motion)...

relativistic spin–statistics theorem connects electron spin quantization to the Pauli exclusion principle: observations of exclusion imply spin and observations...

spin-statistics theorem in relativistic quantum field theory, particles with integer spin are bosons. In contrast, particles with half-integer spin are...

1925 for electrons, and later extended to all fermions with his spin–statistics theorem of 1940. In the case of electrons in atoms, the exclusion principle...

CPT theorem appeared for the first time, implicitly, in the work of Julian Schwinger in 1951 to prove the connection between spin and statistics. In 1954...

Zeno effect, open quantum system and quantum master equations, spin–statistics theorem, non-invariance groups, positive maps of density matrices, and...

showed that it was valid under the spin–statistics theorem for the particle exchange to be monoidal (non-abelian statistics). In particular, this can be achieved...

The spin–statistics theorem implies that all bosons have an integer-valued spin. Scalar bosons are the subset of bosons with zero-valued spin. The name...

quantum statistics, quantum particles are divided into two further classes on the basis of the symmetry of the system. The spin–statistics theorem binds...

⁠1/2⁠. Spin-⁠1/2⁠ objects are all fermions (a fact explained by the spin–statistics theorem) and satisfy the Pauli exclusion principle. Spin-⁠1/2⁠ particles...

amend the spin-statistics theorem. Suppose φ and χ are fields such that, if x and y are spacelike-separated points and i and j represent the spinor/tensor...

Fermi–Dirac statistics is most commonly applied to electrons, a type of fermion with spin 1/2. A counterpart to Fermi–Dirac statistics is Bose–Einstein...

Swiss physicist, particularly remembered for his formulation of spin–statistics theorem, and for his contributions to the development of quantum theory...

In mathematics and theoretical physics, braid statistics is a generalization of the spin statistics of bosons and fermions based on the concept of braid...

electron acts as a fermion by the spin-statistics theorem. Like orbital angular momentum, the spin has an associated magnetic moment, the magnitude of...

theory) Sperner's theorem (combinatorics) Sphere theorem (Riemannian geometry) Spin–statistics theorem (physics) Sprague–Grundy theorem (combinatorial game...

as bosons or fermions. The spin–statistics theorem of quantum field theory demands that all particles with half-integer spin behave as fermions and all...

of theories such as string theory and loop quantum gravity. The spin–statistics theorem implies that quantization of local, relativistic field theories...

Grassman integration. He gave elegant proofs for the spin-statistics theorem and the CPT theorem, and noted that the field algebra led to anomalous Schwinger...

or less are spinC. All almost complex manifolds are spinC. All spin manifolds are spinC. In particle physics the spin–statistics theorem implies that...

Roman 2000 Duck, Ian; Sudarshan, E C G (March 1998). Pauli and the Spin-Statistics Theorem. WORLD SCIENTIFIC. doi:10.1142/3457. ISBN 978-981-02-3114-9. Penrose...

relation of spin with this classification is given from spin statistics theorem which shows that integer spin particles are bosons and half integer spin particles...

integer values of spin. In contrast, particles that follow Fermi-Dirac statistics are called fermions and have half-integer spins. At low temperatures...

The term "spontaneous symmetry breaking" is a misnomer here as Elitzur's theorem states that local gauge symmetries can never be spontaneously broken. Rather...

quantum statistics: fermions obey Fermi–Dirac statistics and bosons obey Bose–Einstein statistics. Their spin is differentiated via the spin–statistics theorem:...

electrons with the same spin cannot also be in the same spatial state (orbital). This is a consequence of the spin–statistics theorem and that electrons are...

distribution in statistics. This energy function only introduces probability biases for a spin having a value and for a pair of spins having the same...

spin-⁠1/2⁠ particles, which means they are fermions according to the spin–statistics theorem. They are subject to the Pauli exclusion principle, which states...

reactions and flows of particles and heat. The fluctuation–dissipation theorem is the basic knowledge obtained from applying non-equilibrium statistical...

change. Semi-integer spin particles change the sign of their wave function upon a 360 degree rotation (see more in spin–statistics theorem). Particles for...