• Thumbnail for Planck's law
    In physics, Planck's law (also Planck radiation law: 1305 ) describes the spectral density of electromagnetic radiation emitted by a black body in thermal...
    141 KB (18,065 words) - 17:33, 12 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for Wien approximation
    the Wien approximation gets ever closer to Planck's law as the frequency increases. The Rayleigh–Jeans law developed by Lord Rayleigh may be used to accurately...
    7 KB (867 words) - 18:25, 26 February 2025
  • Thumbnail for Wien's displacement law
    detailed in the next section. Planck's law for the spectrum of black-body radiation predicts the Wien displacement law and may be used to numerically...
    26 KB (3,412 words) - 00:21, 7 July 2025
  • Thumbnail for Black-body radiation
    spectrum that depends only on the body's temperature, called the Planck spectrum or Planck's law. The spectrum is peaked at a characteristic frequency that...
    69 KB (8,779 words) - 21:58, 26 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for Rayleigh–Jeans law
    dependence in June 1900. Planck discovered the curve now known as Planck's law in October of that year and presented it in December. Planck's original intent was...
    11 KB (1,842 words) - 05:23, 25 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation
    mathematical identification of Kirchhoff's universal function, now known as Planck's law. Planck also noted that the perfect black bodies of Kirchhoff do not occur...
    27 KB (3,724 words) - 04:30, 26 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Second law of thermodynamics
    energy. Nevertheless, this principle of Planck is not actually Planck's preferred statement of the second law, which is quoted above, in a previous sub-section...
    107 KB (15,472 words) - 03:38, 30 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for Stefan–Boltzmann law
    Boltzmann constant and the Planck constant, is a direct consequence of Planck's law as formulated in 1900. The Stefan–Boltzmann constant, σ, is derived from...
    39 KB (5,475 words) - 17:35, 3 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for Black body
    Black body (redirect from Black-body law)
    electromagnetic black-body radiation. The radiation is emitted according to Planck's law, meaning that it has a spectrum that is determined by the temperature...
    47 KB (5,223 words) - 01:10, 30 March 2025
  • The Planck constant, or Planck's constant, denoted by h {\displaystyle h} , is a fundamental physical constant of foundational importance in quantum mechanics:...
    45 KB (4,779 words) - 12:45, 30 June 2025
  • The Planck relation (referred to as Planck's energy–frequency relation, the Planck–Einstein relation, Planck equation, and Planck formula, though the...
    6 KB (801 words) - 22:12, 4 October 2024
  • Thumbnail for Thermal radiation
    {\displaystyle I_{\lambda ,b}} was first determined by Max Planck. It is given by Planck's law per unit wavelength as: I λ , b ( λ , T ) = 2 h c 2 λ 5 ⋅...
    57 KB (6,896 words) - 04:21, 5 July 2025
  • Thumbnail for Max Planck
    new law at all, to Planck's frustration. He revised his approach and now derived the first version of the famous Planck black-body radiation law, which...
    61 KB (6,602 words) - 00:39, 3 July 2025
  • Thumbnail for Einstein coefficients
    radiation field is said to be black-body radiation and is described by Planck's law. For local thermodynamic equilibrium, the radiation field does not have...
    32 KB (4,653 words) - 14:19, 28 April 2025
  • Thumbnail for Johnson–Nyquist noise
    derived by Planck in 1901 for electromagnetic radiation of a blackbody in one dimension—i.e., it is the one-dimensional version of Planck's law of blackbody...
    33 KB (3,801 words) - 13:59, 21 June 2025
  • Max Planck Law is a research network connecting nine Max Planck Institutes in Germany engaged in legal research. It is formally classified as a Graduate...
    3 KB (299 words) - 08:47, 13 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Bose–Einstein statistics
    1924). "Planck's law and the hypothesis of light quanta" (PostScript). University of Oldenburg. Retrieved 30 November 2016. Bose (1924), "Plancks Gesetz...
    39 KB (6,051 words) - 17:49, 13 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for 1900
    scientific discoveries were achieved in the year 1900: Max Planck formulates Planck's law of black-body radiation, marking the birth of modern quantum...
    66 KB (6,069 words) - 14:06, 8 July 2025
  • emission can occur in all directions, atmospheric radiative transfer (like Planck's Law) requires units involving a solid angle, such as W/sr/m2.   At the most...
    29 KB (3,896 words) - 16:21, 8 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Boltzmann constant
    in the definitions of the kelvin (K) and the molar gas constant, in Planck's law of black-body radiation and Boltzmann's entropy formula, and is used...
    26 KB (2,946 words) - 14:05, 24 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for Standard illuminant
    for Colorimetry The spectral radiant exitance of a black body follows Planck's law: M e , λ ( λ , T ) = c 1 λ − 5 exp ⁡ ( c 2 λ T ) − 1 . {\displaystyle...
    34 KB (4,844 words) - 14:20, 13 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Planckian locus
    Planckian locus (redirect from Planck locus)
    equations the black body spectral radiant exitance, which is given by Planck's law: M ( λ , T ) = c 1 λ 5 1 exp ⁡ ( c 2 λ T ) − 1 {\displaystyle M(\lambda...
    16 KB (2,272 words) - 00:38, 4 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for Emissivity
    at the same temperature as given by the Stefan–Boltzmann law. (A comparison with Planck's law is used if one is concerned with particular wavelengths of...
    39 KB (4,090 words) - 13:54, 14 December 2024
  • radiometric data. Stefan–Boltzmann law Planck's law Rayleigh–Jeans law Wien approximation Wien's displacement law Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation Infrared...
    9 KB (1,175 words) - 13:08, 24 May 2024
  • .553P. doi:10.1002/andp.19013090310. English translation Planck, Max (1920). "Max Planck's Nobel Lecture". nobelprize.org. Archived from the original...
    104 KB (11,301 words) - 04:58, 8 July 2025
  • some laws of electromagnetic radiation and light are as follows. Stefan–Boltzmann law Planck's law of black-body radiation Wien's displacement law Radioactive...
    57 KB (5,675 words) - 21:17, 31 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Planck units
    matter.: 56  Hence a substantial body of physical theory developed since Planck's 1899 paper suggests normalizing not G but 4πG (or 8πG) to 1. Doing so would...
    52 KB (5,858 words) - 04:53, 7 July 2025
  • Thumbnail for Satyendra Nath Bose
    Department of the University of Dhaka, Bose wrote a paper deriving Planck's quantum radiation law without any reference to classical physics by using a novel...
    37 KB (3,544 words) - 15:05, 3 July 2025
  • the Planck relation and the proportionality constant, h, as the Planck constant. Planck's law was the first quantum theory in physics, and Planck won...
    77 KB (9,429 words) - 18:35, 5 July 2025
  • Thumbnail for Ultraviolet catastrophe
    applying this new energy to the partition function in statistical mechanics, Planck's assumptions led to the correct form of the spectral distribution functions:...
    9 KB (1,050 words) - 15:09, 2 May 2025