In quantum mechanics, the expectation value is the probabilistic expected value of the result (measurement) of an experiment. It can be thought of as an...

In quantum field theory the vacuum expectation value (also called condensate or simply VEV) of an operator is its average or expectation value in the...

Expectation value (quantum mechanics) Expectation–maximization algorithm, in statistics Expectation (album), a 2013 album by Girl's Day Expectation,...

In quantum mechanics, the variational method is one way of finding approximations to the lowest energy eigenstate or ground state, and some excited states...

In quantum mechanics, the Hamiltonian of a system is an operator corresponding to the total energy of that system, including both kinetic energy and potential...

Quantum statistical mechanics is statistical mechanics applied to quantum mechanical systems. In quantum mechanics a statistical ensemble (probability...

Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics (German: Mathematische Grundlagen der Quantenmechanik) is a quantum mechanics book written by John von Neumann...

theory, the expected value (also called expectation, expectancy, expectation operator, mathematical expectation, mean, expectation value, or first moment)...

mathematical formulations of quantum mechanics are those mathematical formalisms that permit a rigorous description of quantum mechanics. This mathematical formalism...

and quantum computers to find the ground state of a given physical system. Given a guess or ansatz, the quantum processor calculates the expectation value...

In quantum physics, a quantum state is a mathematical entity that embodies the knowledge of a quantum system. Quantum mechanics specifies the construction...

all quantum physics, which includes quantum chemistry, quantum field theory, quantum technology, and quantum information science. Quantum mechanics can...

a glossary for the terminology often encountered in undergraduate quantum mechanics courses. Cautions: Different authors may have different definitions...

is one of the most important model systems in quantum mechanics. Furthermore, it is one of the few quantum-mechanical systems for which an exact, analytical...

probabilities, is the expectation value of that observable. For an observable A {\displaystyle A} , the expectation value given a quantum state ρ {\displaystyle...

Expected value is a term used in probability theory and statistics. It may also refer to: Expectation value (quantum mechanics), the probabilistic expected...

quantum mechanics applied to the electron, now called the Dirac equation. In this, the wave function is a spinor represented by four complex-valued components:...

physics, quantum field theory (QFT) is a theoretical framework that combines classical field theory, special relativity, and quantum mechanics.: xi  QFT...

a quantum mechanical harmonic oscillator, or more accurately, the ground state of a measurement problem. In this case, the vacuum expectation value (VEV)...

Quantum suicide is a thought experiment in quantum mechanics and the philosophy of physics. Purportedly, it can falsify any interpretation of quantum...

In quantum field theory, correlation functions, often referred to as correlators or Green's functions, are vacuum expectation values of time-ordered products...

In quantum mechanics, a probability amplitude is a complex number used for describing the behaviour of systems. The square of the modulus of this quantity...

Matrix mechanics is a formulation of quantum mechanics created by Werner Heisenberg, Max Born, and Pascual Jordan in 1925. It was the first conceptually...

which can be explained by classical mechanics. Beginning out of attempts to extend the understanding of quantum mechanics, the theory has developed in several...

this, they are useful tools in classical mechanics. Operators are even more important in quantum mechanics, where they form an intrinsic part of the...

In quantum mechanics, a translation operator is defined as an operator which shifts particles and fields by a certain amount in a certain direction. It...

(KvN) theory is a description of classical mechanics as an operatorial theory similar to quantum mechanics, based on a Hilbert space of complex, square-integrable...

and momentum in classical mechanics. The quantum expectation values satisfy the Ehrenfest theorem. For a one-dimensional quantum particle moving in a potential...

A is some quantum mechanical operator and ⟨A⟩ is its expectation value. It is most apparent in the Heisenberg picture of quantum mechanics, where it amounts...

In quantum mechanics, perturbation theory is a set of approximation schemes directly related to mathematical perturbation for describing a complicated...