• non-Kekulé molecule is a conjugated hydrocarbon that cannot be assigned a classical Kekulé structure[definition needed]. Since non-Kekulé molecules have...
    17 KB (1,603 words) - 22:56, 14 June 2023
  • Thumbnail for August Kekulé
    particular the Kekulé structure of benzene. Kekulé never used his first given name; he was known throughout his life as August Kekulé. After he was ennobled...
    21 KB (2,275 words) - 09:02, 13 September 2024
  • Kekulé may refer to: August Kekulé (1829–1896), later August Kekule von Stradonitz, German organic chemist Non-Kekulé molecule Alexander Kekulé, a German...
    542 bytes (97 words) - 22:23, 7 June 2020
  • diradicals are extremely reactive and non-Kekulé molecules that are rarely isolated. Diradicals are even-electron molecules but have one fewer bond than the...
    6 KB (709 words) - 23:19, 5 June 2024
  • Thumbnail for Erich Hückel
    recognised as an aromatic molecule by Dewar in 1945. In 1936, Hückel developed the theory of π-conjugated biradicals (non-Kekulé molecules). The first example...
    11 KB (1,169 words) - 09:01, 13 September 2024
  • Thumbnail for Benzene
    2015-06-27. On p. 100, Kekulé suggests that the carbon atoms of benzene could form a "chaîne fermée" (closed chain). Aug. Kekulé (1872), "Ueber einige...
    91 KB (9,542 words) - 17:54, 29 August 2024
  • Thumbnail for Aromaticity
    alternating single and double bonds (cyclohexatriene), was developed by Kekulé (see History section below). The model for benzene consists of two resonance...
    22 KB (2,764 words) - 21:10, 20 June 2024
  • (lowering of the energy) of the molecule. In benzene the two cyclohexatriene Kekulé structures, first proposed by Kekulé, are taken together as contributing...
    42 KB (5,094 words) - 06:04, 25 June 2024
  • Thumbnail for History of molecular theory
    elements" (1857–58), Friedrich August Kekulé was the first to offer a theory of how every atom in an organic molecule was bonded to every other atom. He...
    36 KB (4,474 words) - 14:38, 25 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Skeletal formula
    their valence electrons. Hence they are sometimes termed Kekulé structures or Lewis–Kekulé structures. Skeletal formulae have become ubiquitous in organic...
    28 KB (3,597 words) - 01:30, 6 July 2024
  • Thumbnail for Conjugated system
    p-orbitals with delocalized electrons in a molecule, which in general lowers the overall energy of the molecule and increases stability. It is conventionally...
    34 KB (4,290 words) - 23:57, 8 September 2024
  • Thumbnail for Stable phosphorus radicals
    with temperature-independent NMR resonances, so can be considered a non-Kekulé molecule. The species by Villinger can undergo reaction with phosphaalkyne...
    43 KB (4,298 words) - 17:39, 12 July 2024
  • Thumbnail for Chemical bond
    A chemical bond is the association of atoms or ions to form molecules, crystals, and other structures. The bond may result from the electrostatic force...
    40 KB (4,876 words) - 20:13, 24 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Chemical substance
    benzene, until the correct structure was described by Friedrich August Kekulé. Likewise, the idea of stereoisomerism – that atoms have rigid three-dimensional...
    26 KB (3,282 words) - 23:47, 11 June 2024
  • Thumbnail for Aromatic compound
    nature was first recognized independently by Joseph Loschmidt and August Kekulé in the 19th century. Each carbon atom in the hexagonal cycle has four electrons...
    21 KB (2,098 words) - 10:35, 24 July 2024
  • π-delocalized molecules, such as ethylene, benzene, butadiene, and pyridine. It provides the theoretical basis for Hückel's rule that cyclic, planar molecules or...
    45 KB (7,291 words) - 04:03, 23 June 2023
  • Thumbnail for Xylylene
    methods confirm this assignment. Conversely, meta-xylylene is a non-Kekulé molecule that has a triplet ground-state. H. E. Winberg, F. S. Fawcett "[2...
    8 KB (834 words) - 21:36, 29 December 2023
  • Thumbnail for Organic chemistry
    chemical structure, developed independently in 1858 by both Friedrich August Kekulé and Archibald Scott Couper. Both researchers suggested that tetravalent...
    38 KB (4,346 words) - 01:28, 9 September 2024
  • Thumbnail for Jerome A. Berson
    in π-conjugated non-Kekulé molecules Journal of Molecular Structure: Theochem. Lu HSM, Berson JA. Catenation of heterocyclic non-Kekule biradicals to tetraradical...
    15 KB (1,715 words) - 02:42, 27 September 2023
  • Thumbnail for Terpene
    agriculture. The term terpene was coined in 1866 by the German chemist August Kekulé to denote all hydrocarbons having the empirical formula C10H16, of which...
    32 KB (3,485 words) - 02:54, 22 August 2024
  • Thumbnail for Formal charge
    when the molecule is formed. In organic chemistry convention, formal charges are an essential feature of a correctly rendered Lewis–Kekulé structure...
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  • Trimethylenemethane is a neutral, four-carbon molecule composed of four pi bonds; thus, it must be expressed either as a non-Kekulé molecule or a zwitterion. The orbital...
    12 KB (1,457 words) - 04:24, 2 September 2024
  • Thumbnail for Kekulene
    in honor of August Kekulé, the discoverer of the structure of the benzene molecule. The nature of the π bonding within the molecule was long debated, as...
    8 KB (617 words) - 13:04, 1 May 2024
  • N-Phenyltriazatrimethylenemethane Triplet Diradicals and a Perimidine- Derived Non-Kekulé Molecule by Photolysis of 5-Imino-4,5-dihydro-1H-tetrazoles.” H. Quast, W...
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  • Thumbnail for Stereochemistry
    activity in terms of the tetrahedral arrangement of the atoms bound to carbon. Kekulé used tetrahedral models earlier in 1862 but never published these; Emanuele...
    13 KB (1,464 words) - 13:12, 18 June 2024
  • Thumbnail for Cyclic compound
    to this bicyclic compound (non-aromatic). Longifolene, a terpene natural product, and an example of a tricyclic molecule (non-aromatic). Paclitaxel, a polycyclic...
    28 KB (3,320 words) - 17:43, 11 September 2024
  • properties of molecules as due to spin coupling of the π orbitals. This is essentially still the old idea of resonance between Friedrich August Kekulé von Stradonitz...
    12 KB (1,576 words) - 07:10, 29 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Structural formula
    notation for more complex organic molecules. In this type of diagram, first used by the organic chemist Friedrich August Kekulé von Stradonitz, the carbon atoms...
    21 KB (2,596 words) - 11:08, 27 May 2024
  • August Kekulé proposed fixed valences for many elements, such as 4 for carbon, and used them to propose structural formulas for many organic molecules, which...
    40 KB (2,914 words) - 06:38, 15 August 2024
  • Thumbnail for Glucose
    1838, which has prevailed in the chemical literature. Friedrich August Kekulé proposed the term dextrose (from the Latin dexter, meaning "right"), because...
    121 KB (12,789 words) - 20:47, 6 September 2024